A map of octopaminergic neurons in the <i>Drosophila</i> brain

Busch, Stephanie; Selcho, Mareike; Ito, Kei; Tanimoto, Hiromu

doi:10.1002/cne.21966

Cited by 233 publications

(375 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Low-pass filtering takes place in the presynaptic circuity of LPTCs, presumable in the medulla (Higgins et al, 2004). In addition, anatomical projections of octopaminergic neurons into the medulla and into the lobula complex are known (Sinakevitch and Strausfeld, 2006;Busch et al, 2009). Therefore, assuming a change in the low-pass time constant caused by octopaminergic modulation is in agreement with anatomical studies as well as with the current understanding of the processing steps underlying visual motion detection.…”

Section: Underling Mechanisms For the Observed Change In The Tuning Psupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Furthermore, it has also been shown that octopamine can modulate the response properties of neurons involved in vision Erber and Sandeman, 1989;Kloppenburg and Erber, 1995;Longden and Krapp, 2009). In addition, anatomical projections of octopaminergic neurons into the lobula complex and medulla are known (Sinakevitch and Strausfeld, 2006;Busch et al, 2009). Taken together, all three points justify the assumption that the release of octopamine might explain, at least partially, the effect of flight on the response properties of lobula plate tangential cells.…”

Section: Application Of Cdmmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The fact that the specific site of octopamine application does not seem to be important speaks in favor of gobal neuromodulation (Longden and Krapp, 2009). However, anatomical studies have shown that the optic lobes of flies are highly innervated by octopaminergic neurons (Sinakevitch and Strausfeld, 2006;Busch et al, 2009). Octopaminergic neurons project into the lobula complex and the medulla.…”

Section: Physiological Action Of Octopamine On the Visual Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anatomical studies have revealed octopaminergic projections to the medulla and the lobula complex (Sinakevitch and Strausfeld, 2006;Busch et al, 2009). Are they responsible for the observed broadening of the tuning curve?…”

Section: Future Experiments On the Role Of Octopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Elementary Motion Detection

2015

Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience

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Section: Underling Mechanisms For the Observed Change In The Tuning Psupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Application Of Cdmmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Physiological Action Of Octopamine On the Visual Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Experiments On the Role Of Octopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

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Elementary Motion Detection

2015

Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience

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“…3). In fruit flies, octopamine is only synthesized and released in a small number of CNS neurons (∼100-150 neurons per fly) (35,42). Therefore, the findings presented in this study offer a clear entry point to further dissect the neural circuitry that underlies foraging behavior in fruit flies.…”

Section: Canton-s +Sucrosementioning

confidence: 81%

Octopamine mediates starvation-induced hyperactivity in adult Drosophila

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

167

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Starved animals often exhibit elevated locomotion, which has been speculated to partly resemble foraging behavior and facilitate food acquisition and energy intake. Despite its importance, the neural mechanism underlying this behavior remains unknown in any species. In this study we confirmed and extended previous findings that starvation induced locomotor activity in adult fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster. We also showed that starvationinduced hyperactivity was directed toward the localization and acquisition of food sources, because it could be suppressed upon the detection of food cues via both central nutrient-sensing and peripheral sweet-sensing mechanisms, via induction of food ingestion. We further found that octopamine, the insect counterpart of vertebrate norepinephrine, as well as the neurons expressing octopamine, were both necessary and sufficient for starvationinduced hyperactivity. Octopamine was not required for starvation-induced changes in feeding behaviors, suggesting independent regulations of energy intake behaviors upon starvation. Taken together, our results establish a quantitative behavioral paradigm to investigate the regulation of energy homeostasis by the CNS and identify a conserved neural substrate that links organismal metabolic state to a specific behavioral output.T he CNS plays an essential role in energy homeostasis (1). It actively monitors changes in the internal energy state and modulates an array of physiological and behavioral responses to enable energy homeostasis. Foraging behavior is critical for the localization and acquisition of food supply and hence energy homeostasis. It has been extensively documented both in ethological settings (2, 3) and under well-controlled laboratory conditions (4). Laboratory rodents with limited food access exhibit stereotypic food anticipatory activity (FAA) several hours before the mealtime, which is characterized by a steady increase in locomotion and other appetitive behaviors (5). The neural substrate that drives FAA still remains elusive (5, 6). Notably, the regulation of FAA seems to be dissociable from that of feeding behavior (7,8). These results hint at the presence of an independent and somewhat discrete regulatory mechanism of foraging behavior.Foraging behavior has also been extensively studied in invertebrate species such as the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans (9) and fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster (10). Roundworm populations exhibit two naturally emerged foraging patterns: "solitary" worms disperse across the bacterial lawn, and "social" worms aggregate along the food edge and form clumps (9). This behavioral dimorphism is controlled by natural variations of the npr-1 (neuropeptide receptor resemblance) gene that encodes a receptor homologous to the receptor family of orexigenic neuropeptide Y in mammals (9). A comparable scenario has also been identified in larval fruit flies (10), with two distinct forms of foraging present in nature: "rover" and "sitter." On food sources, sitter but not rover reduces moving speed ...

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Cellular configuration of single octopamine neurons in Drosophila

Busch

Tanimoto

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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Individual median octopamine neurons in the insect central nervous system serve as an excellent model system for comparative neuroanatomy of single identified cells. The median octopamine cluster of the subesophageal ganglion consists of defined sets of paired and unpaired interneurons, which supply the brain and subesophageal ganglion with extensive ramifications. The developmental program underlying the complex cellular network is unknown. Here we map the segmental location and developmental origins of individual octopamine neurons in the Drosophila subesophageal ganglion. We demonstrate that two sets of unpaired median neurons, located in the mandibular and maxillary segments, exhibit the same projection patterns in the brain. Furthermore, we show that the paired and unpaired neurons belong to distinct lineages. Interspecies comparison of median neurons revealed that many individual octopamine neurons in different species project to equivalent target regions. Such identified neurons with similar morphology can derive from distinct lineages in different species (i.e., paired and unpaired neurons).

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A map of octopaminergic neurons in the Drosophila brain

Abstract: The biogenic amine octopamine modulates diverse behaviors in invertebrates. At the single neuron level, the mode of action is well understood in the peripheral nervous system owing to its simple structure and accessibility.

Cited by 233 publications

References 54 publications

Elementary Motion Detection

Elementary Motion Detection

Octopamine mediates starvation-induced hyperactivity in adult Drosophila

Cellular configuration of single octopamine neurons in Drosophila

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