Cellular configuration of single octopamine neurons in <i>Drosophila</i>

Busch, Stephanie; Tanimoto, Hiromu

doi:10.1002/cne.22337

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The subsets of dEAAT2-expressing PNs of the antennal lobes then send information to second-order centers: the mushroom body calyx, which concentrates the dendrites of Kenyon's cells, and the lateral horns. In addition, the subsets of LNs that express dEAAT2 are essential for information processing by olfactory neural circuits, and the cluster of dEAAT2-expressing VUM neurons is involved in appetitive olfactory learning Busch and Tanimoto, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Involvement of the drosophila taurine/aspartate transporter dEAAT2 in selective olfactory and gustatory perceptions

Besson

Sinakevitch

Melon

et al. 2011

J of Comparative Neurology

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Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are membrane proteins involved in the uptake of neurotransmitter amino acids in the nervous system. The Drosophila dEAAT2 gene was previously described to encode a taurine/aspartate transporter. To analyze further the expression pattern and physiological function of this protein, we generated transgenic flies containing either the dEAAT2 promoter region fused to GAL4 (dEAAT2-GAL4) or a transgene allowing expression of a dEAAT2::GFP fusion protein (UAS-dEAAT2::GFP). We observed that dEAAT2-GAL4 expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in neurons in central and peripheral structures of third-instar larvae and adult flies. Labeled neurons were found in olfactory and gustatory pathways, in which dEAAT2::GFP was detected from the dendrites of the sensory neurons up to the first- and second-order centers. dEAAT2-GAL4 is also expressed in mechanosensory neurons. We found that a viable piggyBac insertion strain disrupts dEAAT2 expression. This mutant appears morphologically normal and presents no locomotor or phototaxis impairments; however, its brain taurine level is significantly reduced compared with that of wild-type flies. The dEAAT2 mutant showed decreased avoidance behavior in the presence of high concentration of propionic acid compared with wild-type flies, but no modification of the avoidance response to benzaldehyde. In gustatory tests, both mutant and control flies were normally attracted to sucrose; however, the dEAAT2 mutant presented a higher salt sensitivity, being repulsed by low and high salt concentrations. Therefore, we conclude that dEAAT2 does function as a taurine transporter in vivo and that this protein is physiologically required for the sensory perception of specific environmental molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in the ventral part of the subesophageal ganglion (Fig. 3O), dEAAT2-positive neurons have the morphology of ventral unpaired medial (VUM) neurons, which project to the antennal lobe in calyx and lateral horn Busch and Tanimoto, 2010). Figure 3.…”

Section: Deaat2 Is Expressed In Gustatory Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 98%

Involvement of the drosophila taurine/aspartate transporter dEAAT2 in selective olfactory and gustatory perceptions

Besson

Sinakevitch

Melon

et al. 2011

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…SI Materials and Methods details assay plate preparation. Early third-instar larvae (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) were transferred to the center of the assay plate, and then each plate was videotaped for 2 min. The number of MHCs per 30 s was scored and analyzed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OA neurons in the larval SOG respond to gustatory inputs from gustatory receptor neurons, and unlike the OA neurons in the abdominal ganglia, they are not motor neurons (17,18). Anatomical mapping of tdc2-Gal4 neurons at the single-cell resolution in adult flies revealed that the ventral unpaired median neurons (VUMs) in the anterior compartment (VUM1) and middle compartment (VUM2) of SOG seem to project to several common areas of the protocerebrum, whereas those in the posterior compartment of SOG (VUM3) project to the ventral ganglia (19,20). The tshGal80 construct blocks GAL4 activities in the thoracic and abdominal ganglia (21) (Fig.…”

Section: Mb04794mentioning

confidence: 99%

Octopamine-mediated circuit mechanism underlying controlled appetite for palatable food in Drosophila

Zhang

Branch

Shen

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The easy accessibility of energy-rich palatable food makes it difficult to resist food temptation. Drosophila larvae are surrounded by sugar-rich food most of their lives, raising the question of how these animals modulate food-seeking behaviors in tune with physiological needs. Here we describe a circuit mechanism defined by neurons expressing tdc2-Gal4 (a tyrosine decarboxylase 2 promoter-directed driver) that selectively drives a distinct foraging strategy in food-deprived larvae. Stimulation of this otherwise functionally latent circuit in tdc2-Gal4 neurons was sufficient to induce exuberant feeding of liquid food in fed animals, whereas targeted lesions in a small subset of tdc2-Gal4 neurons in the subesophageal ganglion blocked hunger-driven increases in the feeding response. Furthermore, regulation of feeding rate enhancement by tdc2-Gal4 neurons requires a novel signaling mechanism involving the VEGF2-like receptor, octopamine, and its receptor. Our findings provide fresh insight for the neurobiology and evolution of appetitive motivation. T he adaptive control of foraging decisions is crucial to survival and reproduction and is mediated by complex brain mechanisms. For example, in hungry animals, feeding behaviors can be modulated by diverse neural systems including those responsible for receiving and processing sensory properties and assigning reward and motivational significance of food stimuli (1-3). At present, elucidation of molecular and circuit mechanisms underlying the adaptive control of feeding behavior remains highly challenging.Our previous studies have shown that Drosophila larvae, like mammals, display diverse adaptive foraging strategies in response to appetizing odors or satiety state and food quality (4-6). For example, larvae fed for ad libitum intake tend to prefer soft, liquid sugar media that contain readily ingestible sugar solution but decline solid media in which sugar solution is embedded in gelled agar and is less accessible (5). However, as food deprivation is prolonged, larvae will become increasingly persistent in extracting the sugar solution from solid media (7). We have also shown that an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade, involving neuropeptide F (NPF, the fly homolog of neuropeptide Y, or NPY) and insulin-like peptides (dILPs), selectively integrates motivational state (hunger) with persistence to pulverize solid food (5, 7).The observation that the conserved NPY-like system selectively promotes food acquisition behaviors that require high energetic cost has led us to postulate that fly larvae may use other conserved neural mechanisms to regulate acquisition of readily accessible palatable food. In this work, we provide evidence which supports this hypothesis. We show that an octopamine (OA)/β-adrenergic-like receptor (Octß3R)-dependent circuit mechanism selectively regulates appetite for soft sugar media. This circuit mechanism seems to involve two subsets of tdc2-Gal4 neurons in the subesophogeal ganglia (SOG). One of them mediates the hunger-driven increase ...

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“…This is especially true for the cells that produce these two monoamines. Immunohistochemical studies as well as the use of promoter-Gal4 lines utilizing either the TDC2-or the TßH-promoter Gal4 lines have given the complete set of OA-and TA-producing cells inside and outside the central nervous system (Busch et al 2009;Busch and Tanimoto 2010;Monastirioti et al 1995;Selcho et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression analysis of octopamine and tyramine receptors in Drosophila

El-Kholy

Stephano

et al. 2015

Cell Tissue Res

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The monoamines octopamine and tyramine, which are the invertebrate counterparts of epinephrine and norepinephrine, transmit their action through sets of G protein-coupled receptors. Four different octopamine receptors (Oamb, Octß1R, Octß2R, Octß3R) and 3 different tyramine receptors (TyrR, TyrRII, TyrRIII) are present in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Utilizing the presumptive promoter regions of all 7 octopamine and tyramine receptors, the Gal4/UAS system is utilized to elucidate their complete expression pattern in larvae as well as in adult flies. All these receptors show strong expression in the nervous system but their exact expression patterns vary substantially. Common to all octopamine and tyramine receptors is their expression in mushroom bodies, centers for learning and memory in insects. Outside the central nervous system, the differences in the expression patterns are more conspicuous. However, four of them are present in the tracheal system, where they show different regional preferences within this organ. On the other hand, TyrR appears to be the only receptor present in the heart muscles and TyrRII the only one expressed in oenocytes. Skeletal muscles express octß2R, Oamb and TyrRIII, with octß2R being present in almost all larval muscles. Taken together, this study provides comprehensive information about the sites of expression of all octopamine and tyramine receptors in the fruit fly, thus facilitating future research in the field.

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Cellular configuration of single octopamine neurons in Drosophila

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Involvement of the drosophila taurine/aspartate transporter dEAAT2 in selective olfactory and gustatory perceptions

Involvement of the drosophila taurine/aspartate transporter dEAAT2 in selective olfactory and gustatory perceptions

Octopamine-mediated circuit mechanism underlying controlled appetite for palatable food in Drosophila

Expression analysis of octopamine and tyramine receptors in Drosophila

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