A Low-Profile Digital Eye-Tracking Oculometer for Smart Eyeglasses

Mastrangelo, Alexander S.; Karkhanis, Mohit; Likhite, Rugved; Bulbul, Ashrafuzzaman; Kim, Hanseup; Mastrangelo, Carlos H.; Hasan, Nazmul; Ghosh, Tridib

doi:10.1109/hsi.2018.8431368

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This can often lead to "jumps" in focus when the object distance changes drastically, in a short amount of time. However, such issues can be addressed with a low-profile, low-power digital oculometer designed for this system [120]. It should be noted that such upgrades will consume more power, leading to a faster battery discharge.…”

Section: E Ergonomics Aesthetics and Portabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correcting Presbyopia With Autofocusing Liquid-Lens Eyeglasses

Karkhanis

Ghosh

Banerjee

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Presbyopia, an age-related ocular disorder, is characterized by the loss in the accommodative abilities of the human ocular system and afflicts more than 1.8 billion people world-wide. Conventional methods of correcting presbyopia fragment the field of vision, inherently resulting in significant vision impairment. We demonstrate the development, assembly and evaluation of autofocusing eyeglasses for restoration of accommodation without vision field loss. The adaptive optics eyeglasses consist of two variable-focus piezoelectric liquid lenses, a time-of-flight range sensor and low-power, dual microprocessor control electronics housed within an ergonomic frame. Patientspecific accommodation deficiency models were utilized to demonstrate a high-fidelity accommodative correction. Each accommodation correction calculation was performed in ~67 ms requiring 4.86 mJ of energy. The optical resolution of the system was 10.5 cycles/degree, featuring a restorative accommodative range of 4.3 D. This system can run for up to 19 hours between charge cycles and weighs ~132 g, allowing comfortable restoration of accommodative function.

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Section: E Ergonomics Aesthetics and Portabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correcting Presbyopia With Autofocusing Liquid-Lens Eyeglasses

Karkhanis

Ghosh

Banerjee

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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“…Even though we have used an image processing-based eye tracking approach in this work, other ways of performing pupil tracking might be useful in wearable devices. A novel method for eye tracking has been developed by Mastrangelo et al comprising a small number of LEDs and light sensors to reduce both the size of the tracking device and the power required to run it [17].…”

Section: Eye Trackersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-efficient design of a presbyopia correction wearable powered by mobile GPUs and FPGAs

2022

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This paper presents an energy-efficient design and evaluation of a novel portable device for the automatic correction of presbyopia in human eyes driven by the use of opto-electronic lenses and based on the dynamic pupil response of the subject. Due to the wearable nature of the proposed Dynamic Auto–Accommodation Glasses, in addition to the real-time requirement, an energy-efficient implementation is critical for the success of the device. In this work, the binocular pupil tracking of a subject, followed by the calculation of the eyes’ vergence, and the control of a pair of opto-electronic lenses are implemented and evaluated on several hardware platforms, including two mobile GPU/SoCs, a high-end FPGA, a low-cost FPGA, and a desktop GPU (as a reference point). The pupil tracking algorithm has been parallelized, applying different platform-specific optimizations for each case, to design a fast yet energy-efficient wearable. The hardware platforms have been evaluated to determine which one is the most appropriate for the presbyopia correction task. The experimental results show that the most energy-efficient platform is a mobile GPU (Samsung Exynos 8890) capable of processing frames at 0.016 Joules/frame, still allowing real-time processing (24 frames/sec).

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“…However, since the z-axis position of the PCP is approximated by RSA, it is difficult to estimate the ORCP by securing the equation of the three-dimensional plane where spheres meet. In order to overcome this, the variables related to the z-axis position in (6) are summarized as (8) using (7), which shows the positional relationship between ORCP and PCP on the xy-plane in the spherical coordinate system. The transformation process from ( 6) to ( 8) is described as the process of securing the xy section of the sphere centered at each point P at the z-axis position of ORCP.…”

Section: Orcp Inferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method of using a camera is performed by photographing close-up eyes or photographing the front of the face and analyzing it. As methods of tracking the gaze close to the eye, a method using a smart lens that emits a laser and a method using the position of a glint created in the eye by attaching a near-infrared light source to glasses have been reported [6,7]. The method of photographing the front of the face is being studied as a method of tracking the gaze by analyzing the shape of the pupil or iris through an image processing technique after photographing the face [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of Human pupil orbit model estimation method for the eye-gaze tracking.

Lee

Jeong

Kim

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Eye tracking is a technology that detects the direction of the user's gaze in real time. This technology is used in various fields such as analyzing user emotions and behaviors by analyzing the length of time the gaze stays in a specific direction or the path of movement. Recently, Eye-gaze tracking is a popular to a non-contact interaction technique for the minimization of covid-19 infection. A study conducted in the past have a limitation in that the ocular rotational center point (ORCP) cannot be found in common. For this reason, each research is continuously researching to overcome this problem by using various sensors, structures, and phenomena. In spite of, a tiny movement of the subject cause an error in accuracy during the process of Eye-gaze tracking. In this paper, we propose a novel method for Eye-gaze tracking under the condition of photographing the front of the face using a camera. We named this position set as Human pupil orbit model (HPOM) and it can express as a spherical equation because it looks like a sphere in 3-dimensional coordinate.Results: A simulation experiment was performed to confirm the performance of the proposed method. The error of HPOM estimation appears under 1 pixel in the first experiment both ORCP and a radius. In addition, it was confirmed that the process of estimating HPOM can be conducted as a real time in the second experiment.Conclusions: The proposed method was able to overcome the common problem of existing studies that could not find the rotational center of an eye-ball. In addition, HPOM may be secured in real time even if the subject moves.

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A Low-Profile Digital Eye-Tracking Oculometer for Smart Eyeglasses

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Correcting Presbyopia With Autofocusing Liquid-Lens Eyeglasses

Correcting Presbyopia With Autofocusing Liquid-Lens Eyeglasses

Energy-efficient design of a presbyopia correction wearable powered by mobile GPUs and FPGAs

A study of Human pupil orbit model estimation method for the eye-gaze tracking.

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