A Low Power, Low Noise, Single-Ended to Differential TIA for Ultrasound Imaging Probes

Firouz, Samira; Aghdam, Esmaeil Najafi; Jafarnejad, Roya

doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.3018223

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The novelty of this design lies in its use of negative feedback. With negative feedback at the common-gate stage, the power consumption is reduced, whereas R F provides a noise cancelling scheme at the differential outputs for the common-source transistor [98].…”

Section: A Low-noise Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Circuits for Medical Ultrasound Applications: Imaging and Beyond

Zhang

Demosthenous²

2021

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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Medical ultrasound has become a crucial part of modern society and continues to play a vital role in the diagnosis and treatment of illnesses. Over the past decades, the development of medical ultrasound has seen extraordinary progress as a result of the tremendous research advances in microelectronics, transducer technology and signal processing algorithms. However, medical ultrasound still faces many challenges including powerefficient driving of transducers, low-noise recording of ultrasound echoes, effective beamforming in a non-linear, high-attenuation medium (human tissues) and reduced overall form factor. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the design of integrated circuits for medical ultrasound applications. The most important and ubiquitous modules in a medical ultrasound system are addressed, i) transducer driving circuit, ii) low-noise amplifier, iii) beamforming circuit and iv) analog-digital converter. Within each ultrasound module, some representative research highlights are described followed by a comparison of the state-of-the-art. This paper concludes with a discussion and recommendations for future research directions.

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Section: A Low-noise Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Circuits for Medical Ultrasound Applications: Imaging and Beyond

Zhang

Demosthenous²

2021

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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“…On the other hand, low power consumption and small silicon area are the main design targets for front-end circuits in a three dimensional ultrasound receiver. 9,10 Hence, designing of a TGC amplifier requires careful balance between noise, linearity, bandwidth, power, and area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A TGC amplifier is the second building block in a three‐dimensional ultrasound receiver, as shown in Figure 1 8,9 and is one of the critical building blocks that has a crucial role in the performance of the receiver. This amplifier determines the resolution and the linearity of the signal 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it requires large gain range so that small gain for large signals to prevent saturation and large gain for small signals to reduce the input referred noise of the following stage. On the other hand, low power consumption and small silicon area are the main design targets for front‐end circuits in a three dimensional ultrasound receiver 9,10 . Hence, designing of a TGC amplifier requires careful balance between noise, linearity, bandwidth, power, and area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low power CMOS programmable gain amplifier employing positive feedback technique

Firouz

Aghdam

Jafarnejad

2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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This paper presents a low power CMOS programmable gain amplifier (PGA) utilizing a novel gm‐boosting technique to increase the maximum achievable DC gain. The structure increases the effective transconductance of the circuit without any additional elements. The gain enhancement is accomplished without increasing the power consumption. The variable gain function is achieved by varying the effective transconductance of the circuit and its output resistance. The proposed PGA achieves a wide gain range of 47.5 dB from 2.1 to 49.6 dB with a constant bandwidth. According to the post‐layout simulation results of the proposed circuit in 0.18‐μm TSMC CMOS process the bandwidth and the input referred noise voltage at the maximum gain are 11.3 MHz and 10.76 nV/sqrt (Hz), respectively. The second and third harmonic distortions of the proposed PGA at the minimum gain are less than −72.4 and −40.7 dB, respectively. The core circuit of proposed PGA draws only 164 μA from a 1.2‐V supply voltage occupying an area of 29 μm * 26 μm.

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“…All of this acknowledges the importance of the low‐noise amplifier block. However, the LNA should be optimal in terms of power consumption because an efficient LNA has a considerable role in improving the power efficiency of the whole system 7,11,12 . The wideband LNA ought to confront several stringent requirements, such as input impedance matching in the desired bandwidth for minimizing the return loss, sufficient gain for suppressing the noise of remaining blocks in the receiver chain, low Noise Figure (NF) to achieve a high signal‐to‐noise ratio, small die area for economic factors, and low power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low‐power wideband LNA exploiting current‐reuse and noise cancelation techniques

Khanehbeygi

Jafarnejad

Koozehkanani

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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This paper presents an inductorless low-power wideband Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) in TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The proposed LNA is based on the Common-Gate (CG) topology, which consists of three consecutive stages: CG, Common-Source (CS), and Collector stage. The CG and CS configurations are responsible for providing the wideband input impedance matching and the majority of the gain, respectively. The overall performance of the LNA has been improved by applying noise cancelation, capacitive-peaking, and current reuse techniques. Unlike the conventional structure, the CG and CS sections' noise is canceled by utilizing a novel noise-canceling mechanism, simultaneously. Furthermore, with the capacitive-peaking technique, the voltage gain drop across hi gher frequencies is prevented, and thus, the bandwidth of the structure is improved. The trade-off between power consumption and input impedance has been dramatically resolved by employing the current reuse technique in the CG stage. Post-layout simulation results of the presented noise-canceling LNA demonstrate a Noise Figure (NF) of 2.19-2.58 dB and a maximum voltage gain of 19.84 dB with a À3 dB bandwidth of 0.2-2.85GHz. The simulated input/output matching (i.e., S11/S22) is better than À14.73/À19.43 dB in the entire bandwidth. Additionally, Input Third Intercept Point (IIP3) of À4.56 dBm is achieved. The results are gained by consuming only 2.87 mW under a supply voltage of 1.2 V and occupying a 0.0429 mm 2 of die area.

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A Low Power, Low Noise, Single-Ended to Differential TIA for Ultrasound Imaging Probes

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Integrated Circuits for Medical Ultrasound Applications: Imaging and Beyond

Integrated Circuits for Medical Ultrasound Applications: Imaging and Beyond

A low power CMOS programmable gain amplifier employing positive feedback technique

A low‐power wideband LNA exploiting current‐reuse and noise cancelation techniques

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