A Low-Cost Amperometric Glucose Sensor Based on PCB Technology

Kassanos, Panagiotis; Anastasova, Salzitsa; Yang, Guang‐Zhong

doi:10.1109/icsens.2018.8589804

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Small size and connectivity to portable instruments make screen-printed electrodes appropriate for on-site determination of target analytes, e.g., in implantable intravascular pressure sensors used in ventricular assist devices. 275 Finally, printed circuit board (PCB) technology has been recently used for the fabrication of amperometric glucose sensors, 276 and it can be suitable for fabricating parts of more sophisticated MEMS sensors for liquid characterization. 277…”

Section: Sensor Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implants with Sensing Capabilities

et al. 2022

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Because of the aging human population and increased numbers of surgical procedures being performed, there is a growing number of biomedical devices being implanted each year. Although the benefits of implants are significant, there are risks to having foreign materials in the body that may lead to complications that may remain undetectable until a time at which the damage done becomes irreversible. To address this challenge, advances in implantable sensors may enable early detection of even minor changes in the implants or the surrounding tissues and provide early cues for intervention. Therefore, integrating sensors with implants will enable real-time monitoring and lead to improvements in implant function. Sensor integration has been mostly applied to cardiovascular, neural, and orthopedic implants, and advances in combined implant-sensor devices have been significant, yet there are needs still to be addressed. Sensor-integrating implants are still in their infancy; however, some have already made it to the clinic. With an interdisciplinary approach, these sensor-integrating devices will become more efficient, providing clear paths to clinical translation in the future.

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Section: Sensor Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implants with Sensing Capabilities

et al. 2022

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“…The use of commercial printed circuit board and flexible printed circuit technologies is another approach that has attracted interests, both for wearable sensors and point-of-care analytical devices (Lab-on-PCB) [2], [133], [134], [164]- [166]. The advantage of this technology is that an established process extensively exploiting economies of scale and scope for industrial level mass manufacturing using established design rules, materials and processes can be used to realize sensors that can be co-integrated with off-the-shelf general purpose commercially available electronic components.…”

Section: Recent Advancements In Bioimpedance Sensor Realizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Kassanos

2021

IEEE Sensors J.

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Electrical bioimpedance entails the measurement of the electrical properties of tissues as a function of frequency. It is thus a spectroscopic technique. It has been applied in a plethora of biomedical applications for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. In this tutorial, the basics of electrical bioimpedance sensor design will be discussed. The electrode/electrolyte interface is thoroughly described, as well as methods for its modelling with equivalent circuits and computational tools. The design optimization and modelling of bipolar and tetrapolar bioimpedance sensors is presented in detail, based on the sensitivity theorem. Analytical and numerical modelling approaches for electric field simulations based on conformal mapping, point electrode approximations and the finite element method (FEM) are also elaborated. Finally, current trends on bioimpedance sensors are discussed followed by an overview of instrumentation methods for bioimpedance measurements, covering aspects of voltage signal excitations, current sources, voltage measurement front-end topologies and methods for computing the electrical impedance.

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“…Additional benefits of hard gold finish include larger electroactive surface area and reduction of pinholes, thus improving sensitivity and reliability of the sensors [11], [12]. Reports of low-cost processes such as electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) finish PCB electrodes utilized for biosensors employ additional gold electroplating or electropolymerization [7], [11], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Immunosensor Platform Using Low-Cost ENIG PCB Finish Electrodes: Application for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Sensing

et al. 2021

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In recent years, lab-on-chip systems based on printed circuit board (PCB) substrates are gaining attraction primarily due to their low cost of manufacturing. Adapting inexpensive PCBs for development of immunosensors usually requires additional processing steps such as gold electroplating and electropolymerisation, that add to the manufacturing costs. In this work, we demonstrate methods to leverage electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) finish PCBs as electrodes for developing electrochemical immunosensors. We evaluated the performance of various parameters that impact sensor performance such as methods to clean impurities on PCB surface, optimization of redox probe concentration, and have successfully immobilized antibodies on the electrodes with cysteamine + glutaraldehyde aided process. Based on these methods, we demonstrate an application of ENIG finish PCB electrodes for detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein spiked in artificial saliva samples.INDEX TERMS ENIG PCB, immunosensor, functionalization, SARS-CoV-2, spike protein.

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A Low-Cost Amperometric Glucose Sensor Based on PCB Technology

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Implants with Sensing Capabilities

Implants with Sensing Capabilities

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Electrochemical Immunosensor Platform Using Low-Cost ENIG PCB Finish Electrodes: Application for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Sensing

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