A longitudinal study of food intake patterns and obesity in adult Danish men and women

Togo, Per; Osler, Merete; Sørensen, T. I. A.; Heitmann, Berit Lilienthal

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802598

Cited by 93 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…12,13,19,[29][30][31][32] The percentage of variance of dietary intake (B16%) explained by these dietary patterns was similar in magnitude to what has been reported in other studies. 22,31,[33][34][35][36] Our results suggested that both patterns are associated with obesity phenotypes and odds of obesity. First, in this study, comparisons made across tertiles of factor scores showed positive associations between Western pattern scores and anthropometric indices whereas inverse associations were observed with the Prudent pattern scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…16 As, only few longitudinal studies have been performed to examine the link between dietary patterns and BMI or obesity. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Among them, one study found that food factors could not consistently predict changes in BMI or obesity development, 22 whereas the others showed that dietary patterns were significantly related to changes in BMI over time. [17][18][19]21 According to these studies, it seems that the adoption of a dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of red and processed meats, refined grains, sweets and desserts is associated with larger weight gain, whereas a dietary pattern usually characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and poultry may facilitate weight maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

et al. 2009

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Objective: To examine whether dietary patterns are associated with obesity phenotypes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: We recruited 664 participants aged between 18 and 55 years. Dietary data were collected from a food frequency questionnaire. A factor analysis was performed to derive dietary patterns. Body mass index (BMI), weight and waist girth were recorded using standard procedures. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by electrical bioimpedance. Obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 and a positive FHO (FHO þ ) as having at least one obese first-degree relative. Results: Two dietary patterns were identified; Western and Prudent. The Western pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of refined grains, French fries, red meats, condiments, processed meats and regular soft drinks whereas the Prudent pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of non-hydrogenated fat, vegetables, eggs and fish and seafood. Subjects in the top tertile of the Western pattern had higher BMI, weight, waist girth, waist-to-hip ratio and fat mass than those in the lower tertile. In contrast, subjects in the top tertile of the Prudent pattern had lower BMI, weight, waist girth, fat mass, HDL-cholesterol levels, and lower triglyceride levels than those in the lowest tertile. Individuals in the upper tertile of the Western pattern were more likely to be obese (obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 ) (OR ¼ 1.82, 95% CI 1.16-2.87) whereas those in the upper tertile of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese (OR ¼ 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.96). These latter significant associations were only observed among those with FHO þ . No such association was observed among FHOÀ individuals. Conclusion: Individuals having a high score of Western pattern were more likely to be obese and those having a high score of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese, and this is particularly among individuals with an FHO þ .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

et al. 2009

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“…The sweets and fats pattern we observed was somewhat close to the sweets pattern derived in the study by Tucker et al (22) , wherein a sweets pattern, which had high loadings from candy, sugar and chocolate candy, sweet baked goods and dairy desserts, was positively associated with waist circumference after adjustment for potential confounding. It also shares common elements with the sweets pattern in several other studies (11,12,23) , but no significant results were obtained. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study (24) , higher intakes of sweets were predictive of weight gain over a 2-year follow-up period among men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Dietary patterns are associated with weight gain in newlyweds: findings from a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

Zhang

Tan

Xuan

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study aimed to characterize the dietary patterns of newlyweds married within one year and to examine the factors associated with weight changes. Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2009. Setting: Baoshan District, Shanghai, China. Subjects: A total of 342 pairs of newlyweds were recruited at their first visit. Weight and height were measured and food intake was measured based on an FFQ with forty-nine items. Dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis, and the factors associated with weight changes were determined by multiple regression models. Results: Average weight gain of the participants during marital transition was 1?9 kg (2?2 kg for men and 1?6 kg for women). Four major dietary patterns were identified: vegetable pattern, sweets and fats pattern, legume pattern and poultry, beef and mutton pattern. In multivariate analyses, the highest quintile of factor 2 (sweets and fats pattern) was significantly associated with weight gain after marriage in a comparison with the lowest quintile (b 5 2?94; 95 % CI 0?75, 5?15; P 5 0?01) in men. The highest quintile of factor 4 (poultry, beef and mutton pattern) was inversely associated with weight gain after marriage in a comparison with the lowest quintile (b 5 21?21; 95 % CI 22?32, 20?11; P 5 0?03). Conclusions: Our results suggest that a pattern rich in sugar, oil and condiments may lead to greater marital weight gain in men; another pattern rich in poultry, beef and mutton may lead to less marital weight gain in both men and women.

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“…An approach which is becoming more and more widespread in nutritional research is the use of factor analysis, which has previously been used to investigate the influence of diet in adult life on risk of adverse outcomes (Gittelsohn et al, 1998;Slattery et al, 1998;Hu et al, 1999;Terry et al, 2001;Fung et al, 2003;Newby et al, 2004;Togo et al, 2004). Factor analysis has been employed in analysis of diet during pregnancy in a Spanish study (Cuco et al, 2006), where diet at different time points in pregnancy in relation to lifestyle factors was examined, and in a Mexican-American survey (Wolff and Wolff, 1995), where association between dietary patterns in pregnancy and birth weight was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth

et al. 2007

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Objectives: To investigate possible associations between maternal diet during pregnancy and fetal growth. Method: Factor analysis was used to explore dietary patterns among pregnant women. The association between maternal dietary patterns and fetal growth (in terms of small for gestational age, SGA) was investigated by logistic regression. Prospective cohort study, including information on 44 612 women in Denmark. Results: Two major dietary patterns were defined: the first pattern was characterized by red and processed meat, high-fat dairy, and the second pattern was characterized by intake of vegetables, fruits, poultry and fish. Women were classified into three classes according to their diet: the first class had high intake of foods of the first dietary pattern, and was classified as 'the Western diet', the second class preferred foods of the second pattern and was classified as the 'Health Conscious'; and the third one had eaten foods of both patterns, and was classified as the 'Intermediate'. The odds ratio of having a small for gestationalage infant (with a birth weight below the 2.5th percentile for gestational age and gender) was 0.74 (95% CI 0.64-0.86) for women in the Health Conscious class compared with women in the Western Diet class. The analyses were adjusted for parity, maternal smoking, age, height, pre-pregnancy weight and father's height. Conclusions: Our results indicated that a diet in pregnancy, based on red and processed meat and high-fat diary, was associated with increased risk for SGA. Further studies are warranted to identify specific macro-, or micronutrients that may be underlying these associations.

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A longitudinal study of food intake patterns and obesity in adult Danish men and women

Cited by 93 publications

References 31 publications

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

Dietary patterns are associated with weight gain in newlyweds: findings from a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

Major dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth

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