A Long-term Estrogen Deficiency in Ovariectomized Mice is Associated with Disturbances in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Stress

Oliveira, Monique Cristine de; Campos-Shimada, Lilian Brites; Natali, Maria Raquel Marçal; Ishii–Iwamoto, Emy Luiza; Salgueiro-Pagadigorria, Clairce Luzia

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1666856

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Treatment with estrogen or oat effectively restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes in OVX. Our data are in agreement with previous findings reporting that estrogen privation in OVX is accompanied by an oxidative stress characterized with the impairment of the antioxidant defense system (Oliveira, Campos‐Shimada, Marçal‐Natali, Ishii‐Iwamoto, & Salgueiro‐Pagadigorria, 2018). In fact, this hormone plays an important role in activating MAPK and NFκB, controlling the expression of the antioxidant enzymes such as CAT and GPx (Bellanti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Protective effects of Avena sativa against oxidative stress‐induced kidney damage resulting from an estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized Swiss mice model

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Avena sativa and to confirm its protective effects on estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized mice (OVX) model. Animals were treated during 21 and 60 days as follows: negative control, positive control treated with oat, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized receiving hormonal or oat treatments, respectively. 21 days post‐surgery, our results showed that ovariectomy increases weight gain and urea level in plasma. After 60 days of treatment, OVX showed a gain in weight, high increases in relative kidney weight, plasmatic creatinine, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, and protein oxidation as shown by elevated protein carbonyl (PCO) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels. On the other side, a decrease was detected in catalase activity. Meanwhile, no significant changes in urea level, lipid peroxidation, SOD and GSH activity were detected. Conversely, supplementation with oat reduced weight gain, as well as oxidative stress and oxidation protein in the kidney of OVX mice. Practical applications In our study, we removed the two ovaries of adult female mice in order to eliminate the essential source of steroid hormones. Deficiency in these sexual hormones, especially estrogen, leads to several physiological and morphological disturbances that are found in post‐menopausal women. The gain in weight and oxidative kidney damages were the main health problems detected in ovariectomized animals. This work explored for the first time the use of oat grains as a safe natural remedy to treat all previous health problems and to avoid carcinogenic effects of the menopausal hormone therapy. Owing to its health benefits, this cereal species has recently gained attention as an important source of antioxidants and fibers. Thanks to these two components, it can be able to restore all indicated disturbances. Therefore, this cereal can be very useful in the prevention of obesity and kidney oxidative damage occurring during menopause.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Protective effects of Avena sativa against oxidative stress‐induced kidney damage resulting from an estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized Swiss mice model

et al. 2020

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“…Literature show diminished fatty acids oxidation and developments of MetS symptoms in the females without estrogen that can be normalized by administration of estrogen [142,143]. We do not think that those publications contradict to our conclusions presented in this Chapter, because those experiments have been done on young animals 7-8 weeks old.…”

Section: Features Of Fatty Acids Metabolism That Increase Mets Symptocontrasting

confidence: 53%

Metabolic Syndrome as the First Stage of Eldership; the Beginning of Real Aging

Panov¹,

Darenskaya²,

Dikalov³

et al. 2021

Update in Geriatrics

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The history of active worldwide scientific research on mechanisms of aging and the age-associated diseases counts more than five decades. Of these, among the numerous theories of aging, at least 50 years dominated the free radical theory of aging. Since mitochondria were found to be the major producers of free radicals, the research on aging became largely centered on mitochondria. At the end of 80s of the 20th century, physicians have established a new nosological entity named “Metabolic syndrome” comprising several simultaneously existing symptoms and risk factors, which increase with age to 47% in men and 64% for women. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) requires simultaneous presence of at least three out of five medical conditions: visceral obesity, hypertension, high blood sugar, insulin resistance, low serum high-density lipoprotein accompanied with high serum triglycerides. However, from the beginning of the definition of MetS there was, and still is, a rather lovely debate, which of the symptoms must be considered as the main one. In spite of the enormous number of publications on both mechanisms of aging and MetS, there was relatively small progress in understanding the fundamental processes in these closely related problems. On the contrary, the mitochondrial free radical theory was found to be wrong in its current paradigms. In this Chapter we will discuss recent discoveries and hypotheses which open new perspectives in both theoretical and practical approaches to the problems of aging and MetS. We will show how aging and development of MetS are closely related to each other and the normal ontogenesis of human beings. Why men and women have different rates of aging and mechanisms of transition to MetS. We state that MetS is not just a cluster of symptoms, but one of the last steps of individual ontogenesis, namely the first step of eldership when the aging rate may increase manifold.

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“…Oliveira et al. ( 31 ) also reported that the liver of the long-term estrogen deficiency of ovariectomized mice showed considerable accretions of the lipid contents. In human beings, it seemed that the prevalence of NAFLD was higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women, and NAFLD added extra morbidity to postmenopausal women, possibly via increasing the risk of T2DM and cardiovascular disease ( 32 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ovariectomy Impaired Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis and Altered the Gut Microbiota in Mice With Different Diets

Lei

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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The lower incidence of metabolic diseases of women than men and the increasing morbidity of metabolic disorders of menopausal women indicated that hormones produced by ovaries may affect homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To explore the functions of ovaries on regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in females, 8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were preformed ovariectomy and administrated with normal food diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD). Six weeks after ovariectomy, blood biochemical indexes were tested and the morphology and histology of livers were checked. The expression levels of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism in liver were detected through transcriptome analysis, qPCR and western blot assays. 16S rDNA sequence was conducted to analyze the gut microbiota of mice with ovariectomy and different diets. The serum total cholesterol (TC) was significantly increased in ovariectomized (OVX) mice fed with NFD (OVXN), and serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly increased in both OVXN mice and OVX mice fed with HFD (OVXH). The excessive glycogen storage was found in livers of 37.5% mice from OVXN group, and lipid accumulation was detected in livers of the other 62.5% OVXN mice. The OVXN group was further divided into OVXN-Gly and OVXN-TG subgroups depending on histological results of the liver. Lipid drops in livers of OVXH mice were more and larger than other groups. The expression level of genes related with lipogenesis was significantly increased and the expression level of genes related with β-oxidation was significantly downregulated in the liver of OVXN mice. Ovariectomy also caused the dysbiosis of intestinal flora of OVXN and OVXH mice. These results demonstrated that hormones generated by ovaries played important roles in regulating hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism and communicating with the gut microbiota in females.

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A Long-term Estrogen Deficiency in Ovariectomized Mice is Associated with Disturbances in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Stress

Abstract: These data provide one potential explanation for the increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases observed after menopause.

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Protective effects of Avena sativa against oxidative stress‐induced kidney damage resulting from an estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized Swiss mice model

Protective effects of Avena sativa against oxidative stress‐induced kidney damage resulting from an estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized Swiss mice model

Metabolic Syndrome as the First Stage of Eldership; the Beginning of Real Aging

Ovariectomy Impaired Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis and Altered the Gut Microbiota in Mice With Different Diets

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