A lone male chimpanzee in the wild: The survivor of a disintegrated unit-group

Uehara, Shigeo; Nishida, Toshisada; Takasaki, Hiroyuki; Wildlife, Mahale Mountains; Norikoshi, Kohshi; Tsukahara, Takahiro; Nyundo, Ramadhani; Hamai, Miya

doi:10.1007/bf02382725

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…females C21, C43, C44 and C48 were never recaptured after May 2006) and group A expanding into the group C's territory. This pattern is highly similar as to what was observed in the K group extinction at Mahale [59] , [69] and suggests that such intense intergroup aggression is also part of the central chimpanzee's behavioral repertoire [32] , [36] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…A similar pattern of group extinction was observed in two eastern chimpanzee populations. At Mahale, one group (M) was suspected of exterminating the males of another (K), co-opting many of the group females and expanding into its territory over a 12 year period [59] , [69] . Similarly, at Gombe, after the fissioning of the main study group into two distinct entities, the Kasakela group exterminated the males of Kahama group, expanded into their territory over the course of four years and acquired at least one female from the exterminated group [68] , [70] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Invasive Genetic Monitoring of Wild Central Chimpanzees

et al. 2011

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BackgroundAn assessment of population size and structure is an important first step in devising conservation and management plans for endangered species. Many threatened animals are elusive, rare and live in habitats that prohibit directly counting individuals. For example, a well-founded estimate of the number of great apes currently living in the wild is lacking. Developing methods to obtain accurate population estimates for these species is a priority for their conservation management. Genotyping non-invasively collected faecal samples is an effective way of evaluating a species' population size without disruption, and can also reveal details concerning population structure.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe opportunistically collected wild chimpanzee faecal samples for genetic capture-recapture analyses over a four-year period in a 132 km2 area of Loango National Park, Gabon. Of the 444 samples, 46% yielded sufficient quantities of DNA for genotyping analysis and the consequent identification of 121 individuals. Using genetic capture-recapture, we estimate that 283 chimpanzees (range: 208–316) inhabited the research area between February 2005 and July 2008. Since chimpanzee males are patrilocal and territorial, we genotyped samples from males using variable Y-chromosome microsatellite markers and could infer that seven chimpanzee groups are present in the area. Genetic information, in combination with field data, also suggested the occurrence of repeated cases of intergroup violence and a probable group extinction.Conclusions/SignificanceThe poor amplification success rate resulted in a limited number of recaptures and hence only moderate precision (38%, measured as the entire width of the 95% confidence interval), but this was still similar to the best results obtained using intensive nest count surveys of apes (40% to 63%). Genetic capture-recapture methods applied to apes can provide a considerable amount of novel information on chimpanzee population size and structure with minimal disturbance to the animals and represent a powerful complement to traditional field-based methods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Genetic Monitoring of Wild Central Chimpanzees

et al. 2011

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“…It is known that there is at least one neighboring group (B-group) to the north of Mgroup [Nishida, 1990]. In addition, there have been sporadic observations of survivors from K-group, a group that used to occupy an area to the north of Mgroup Uehara et al, 1994]. We could not judge, therefore, whether the unknown individuals belonged to K-or B-group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Incident of intense aggression by chimpanzees against an infant from another group in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania

Kutsukake

Matsusaka

2002

American J Primatol

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We document here an unusual case of intense aggression against an infant male from another group by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) of the Mahale Mountains National Park, in Tanzania. Adult males of the study group collectively attacked an unknown male infant. Although an unknown female, probably the mother, tried to retrieve him, the infant was seriously injured and most likely died. During this incident, the unknown female attacked and injured two researchers. After the aggressive encounter, it was found that six of the nine adult males in the study group were wounded. Attacking the extragroup male infant may have the effect of weakening the future power of the neighboring group, leading to better access to resources and enhanced safety in the future for the study group.

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“…Two other juvenile males remained in the range of K group. One died, and another survived at least until 1992 (Uehara et al 1994 ). After Kamemanfu finally disappeared in 1982, Masisa was the only sexually mature male left.…”

Section: Mahale Chimpanzeesmentioning

confidence: 99%

My studies of primates: Sex, affinity, and competition

Takahata

2023

Primates

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In this essay, I summarize my research career, with reference to the early days of the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology (LPA) at Kyoto University led by Kinji Imanishi and Junichiro Itani. When I started conducting research on the sexual behavior of Japanese macaques in 1975, I made some unexpected observations. High-ranking males did not obtain high mating success. Estrous females often rejected the courtships of high-ranking males and chose to mate with lower-ranking males. Some male–female dyads exhibited long-lasting affinitive relations, but they avoided mating. Females frequently showed ‘excessive’ sexuality. Clear explanations for some of these observations do not exist. After that, I changed my study subjects several times from chimpanzees, Yakushima macaques (a subspecies of Japanese macaque), and ringtailed lemurs. It is difficult to summarize my findings into a consistent story. Instead, I review my research and experiences. Throughout my career, I kept two things in mind. The first was established by Imanishi at the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology at Kyoto University: to explore the evolution of human society. Second, I tried to understand seemingly incomprehensible phenomena using evolutionary theory. Despite adhering to these foundational concepts, things did not always work out as planned.

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A lone male chimpanzee in the wild: The survivor of a disintegrated unit-group

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Non-Invasive Genetic Monitoring of Wild Central Chimpanzees

Non-Invasive Genetic Monitoring of Wild Central Chimpanzees

Incident of intense aggression by chimpanzees against an infant from another group in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania

My studies of primates: Sex, affinity, and competition

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