A lognormal model for evaluating maximum residue levels of pesticides in crops

Modeling Distribution and Dissipation Kinetics of Pesticides in Peel and Medulla Tissues of Postharvest Tuber Crops

“…Thus, we recommend considering personal preferences when choosing food processing factors to access human health risks. In addition, the simulated RFs by the proposed model as well as food processing factors of pesticides for other stages of the life cycle of tuber crops could be implemented to define maximum residue levels (MRLs) of pesticides in the regulatory process . For example, when calculating the theoretical intake rate of pesticide residues for populations via potato consumption, the reduction of pesticide residues in potatoes during food processing should be considered, as it is unusual to consume unprocessed potatoes.…”

“…Pesticides are widely applied in crop fields to promote crop productivity and ensure food security. − After application, pesticides can enter crops via surface penetration, root absorption, and tuber diffusion, resulting in frequent detection of pesticides in crops after harvest. , To ensure food safety and protect human health, it is important to monitor pesticide concentrations in edible plants . Tuber crops (e.g., potatoes), which are the most important and widely consumed foods, can easily take up pesticides or other contaminants from the surrounding soil. − Studies have shown that soil pollution is the major cause of pesticide contamination in tubers. ,, Population health risks of dietary exposure to pesticide residues in tuber crops can be affected by the fate of residues in processing stages of the crop supply chain, which includes the tuber uptake of residues from agricultural soils (e.g., weather conditions, geo-hydrological factors, chemical- and crop-specific characteristics), the postharvest transportation and storage of tubers (e.g., environmental factors and packaging techniques), the industrial manufacturing process (e.g., slicing, frying, and salting), and the household cooking process (e.g., peeling, washing, and heating) …”

Screening of pesticide distributions in foods of animal origin: a matrix-based approach for biotransfer factor modeling of grazing mammals

“…13 Therefore, eld measurements and maximum exposure levels via intake of pesticide residues in food or fodder crops can be directly used to set and compare with MRLs in crops. 14 In contrast, the nutritional composition of edible products (e.g., muscle, fat, milk, and liver) derived from livestock varies greatly, particularly in terms of lipid and water contents, resulting in markedly different degrees of pesticide bioaccumulation in different body parts of animals biotransferred from the feed for lipophilic or hydrophilic compounds. 1,15 In addition, the fate and distribution of pesticides in animal bodies are more complex than those in plants because of the more sophisticated physiological characteristics.…”

Improved plant bioconcentration modeling of pesticides: The role of periderm dynamics

“…Such a tool could be further incorporated into existing plant uptake models to help reduce human exposure to pesticide residues in edible crop components as well as to evaluate the influence of food processing (e.g. peeling) on the magnitude of residue‐related exposures 10–15,30–36 . To address this gap, it is the aim of the present study to propose a modeling approach that treats the potato periderm as a separate compartment to quantify the influence of the periderm on the uptake of pesticides into edible potato tubers and related residues.…”

“…peeling) on the magnitude of residue‐related exposures. 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 To address this gap, it is the aim of the present study to propose a modeling approach that treats the potato periderm as a separate compartment to quantify the influence of the periderm on the uptake of pesticides into edible potato tubers and related residues. To achieve this aim, we defined three specific objectives: (i) to develop a model for pesticide uptake into potato tubers that explicitly considers the periderm (periderm model) and compare results with uptake without considering the periderm (nonperiderm model); (ii) to parameterize the periderm model for inclusion into existing plant uptake models applied for human exposure and health impact assessments; and (iii) to identify the key input variables that drive modeled pesticide uptake into potato tubers as input for further refining the model.…”