A locus in<i>Pristionchus pacificus</i>that is responsible for the ability to give rise to fertile offspring at higher temperatures

Leaver, Mark; Kienle, Simone; Begasse, Maria L.; Sommer, Ralf J.; Hyman, Anthony A.

doi:10.1242/bio.018127

Cited by 6 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Animals reared at 28 °C, the highest temperature at which P. pacificus RS2333 continuously reproduces (Leaver et al 2016), displayed evidently abnormal mouth morphology, represented as a shift within morphospace in relation to control conditions (fig. 3 A ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of DAF-21/Hsp90 in Mouth-Form Plasticity in Pristionchus pacificus

Sieriebriennikov

Markov

Witte

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Phenotypic plasticity is increasingly recognized to facilitate adaptive change in plants and animals, including insects, nematodes, and vertebrates. Plasticity can occur as continuous or discrete (polyphenisms) variation. In social insects, for example, in ants, some species have workers of distinct size classes while in other closely related species variation in size may be continuous. Despite the abundance of examples in nature, how discrete morphs are specified remains currently unknown. In theory, polyphenisms might require robustness, whereby the distribution of morphologies would be limited by the same mechanisms that execute buffering from stochastic perturbations, a function attributed to heat-shock proteins of the Hsp90 family. However, this possibility has never been directly tested because plasticity and robustness are considered to represent opposite evolutionary principles. Here, we used a polyphenism of feeding structures in the nematode Pristionchus pacificus to test the relationship between robustness and plasticity using geometric morphometrics of 20 mouth-form landmarks. We show that reducing heat-shock protein activity, which reduces developmental robustness, increases the range of mouth-form morphologies. Specifically, elevated temperature led to a shift within morphospace, pharmacological inhibition of all Hsp90 genes using radicicol treatment increased shape variability in both mouth-forms, and CRISPR/Cas9-induced Ppa-daf-21/Hsp90 knockout had a combined effect. Thus, Hsp90 canalizes the morphologies of plastic traits resulting in discrete polyphenism of mouth-forms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of DAF-21/Hsp90 in Mouth-Form Plasticity in Pristionchus pacificus

Sieriebriennikov

Markov

Witte

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…Adaptation to elevated temperatures has been reported also in tropical isolates of some free-living nematode species i.e. C. briggsae but also recently in Pristionchus pacificus (Leaver et al 2016), however none of the free-living species survives at the range of temperatures maintained by the endothermic hosts of adult hookworms. While studies on free-living nematodes were designed to identify the genetic component involved in higher temperature adaptation, no single specific locus has been reported to-date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Recombinant DNA resources for the comparative genomics ofAncylostoma ceylanicum

Wj¹,

Magalska²,

Janecka³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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We describe the construction and initial characterization of genomic resources (a set of recombinant DNA libraries, representing in total over 90, 000 independent plasmid clones), originating from the genome of a hamster adapted hookworm, Ancylostoma ceylanicum. First, with the improved methodology, we generated sets of SL1 (5'linker -GGTTAATTACCCAAGTTTGAG), and captured cDNAs from two different hookworm developmental stages: pre-infective L3 and parasitic adults. Second, we constructed a small insert (2-10kb) genomic library. Third, we generated a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome library (30-60kb). To evaluate the quality of our libraries we characterized sequence tags on randomly chosen clones and with first pass screening we generated almost a hundred novel hookworm sequence tags. The sequence tags detected two broad classes of genes: i. conserved nematode genes and ii. putative hookworm-specific proteins. Importantly, some of the identified genes encode proteins of general interest including potential targets for hookworm control. Additionally, we identified a syntenic region in the mitochondrial genome, where the gene order is shared between the freeliving nematode C. elegans and A. ceylanicum. Our results validate the use of recombinant DNA resources for comparative genomics of nematodes, including the freeliving genetic model organism C. elegans and closely related parasitic species. We discuss the potential and relevance of Ancylostoma ceylanicum data and resources generated by the recombinant DNA approach.

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“…We have previously shown that high temperature differentially affects fertility among 108" P. pacificus natural isolates [27]. An isolate from California can no longer give rise to 109" fertile offspring at 30ºC, while one from Japan remains fertile at that temperature.…”

Section: "mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…isolates from world-wide locations [27]. However, it is not yet known if this 114" phenotype is subject to natural selection in wild populations.…”

Section: "mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel adaptation to higher temperatures in divergent clades of the nematodePristionchus pacificus

Leaver

Kayhan

McGaughran

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Studying the effect of temperature on fertility is particularly important in the light of ongoing climate change. We need to know if organisms can adapt to higher temperatures and, if so, what are the evolutionary mechanisms behind such adaptation. Such studies have been hampered by the lack different populations of sufficient sizes with which to relate the phenotype of temperature tolerance to the underlying genotypes. Here, we examined temperature adaptation in populations of the nematodePristionchus pacificus, in which individual strains are able to successfully reproduce at 30°C. Analysis of the frequency of heat tolerant strains in different temperature zones on La Réunion supports that this trait is subject to natural selection. Reconstruction of ancestral states along the phylogeny of highly differentiatedP. pacificusclades suggests that heat tolerance evolved multiple times independently. This is further supported by genome wide association studies showing that heat tolerance is a polygenic trait and that different loci are used by individualP. pacificusclades to develop heat tolerance. More precisely, analysis of allele frequencies indicated that most genetic markers that are associated with heat tolerance are only polymorphic in individual clades. While in someP. pacificusclades, parallel evolution of heat tolerance can be explained by ancestral polymorphism or by gene flow across clades, we observe at least one clearly distinct and independent scenario where heat tolerance emerged byde novomutation. Thus, temperature tolerance evolved at least two times independently in the evolutionary history of this species. Our data suggest that studies of wild populations ofP. pacificuswill reveal distinct cellular mechanisms driving temperature adaptation.

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A locus inPristionchus pacificusthat is responsible for the ability to give rise to fertile offspring at higher temperatures

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

The Role of DAF-21/Hsp90 in Mouth-Form Plasticity in Pristionchus pacificus

The Role of DAF-21/Hsp90 in Mouth-Form Plasticity in Pristionchus pacificus

Recombinant DNA resources for the comparative genomics ofAncylostoma ceylanicum

Parallel adaptation to higher temperatures in divergent clades of the nematodePristionchus pacificus

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