A Locally Acquired Falciparum Malaria via Nosocomial Transmission in Korea

Kim, Jung Yeon; Kim, Jeongsu; Park, Mi-Hyun; Kang, Young Ae; Kwon, Jun-Hun; Cho, Dae Won; Lee, Byeong Chul; Kim, Tong Soo; Lee, Jong Koo

doi:10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.269

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[14][15][16][17] Inadequate health systems, poverty, poor drainage, the nonuse of mosquito nets or insecticides, bushy/grassy surroundings, swamps, pools of water, streams and lakes have been associated with the acquisition of, relapses or re-infections with malaria in Cameroon. [18] The government and its partners have intensified efforts in the free distribution of mosquito nets to all, the use of insecticides, clearing bushes and reducing leaves of vegetables/trees around human habitations, and draining mashes and pools of water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare-associated infections in three hospitals in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Kesah¹,

Vincent²,

Chrysanthus³

2013

Ann Trop Med Public Health

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) encompass infections developed by healthcare practitioners (HCPs) consequential to healthcare administration, hospital infections manifesting during hospitalization or after patient discharge, nursing home-acquired, long term care-associated, outpatient-related (e.g. dialysis, chemotherapy) and also home care-associated infections. [1] HAIs have been encountered often but not always after healthcare intervention. HCPs in Cameroon have much to learn from major advances in HAI control. Data collection, analysis and information flow are necessary for the smooth functioning of any healthcare delivery system. This work evaluated prevention practices and the impact of HAIs in Dschang, Cameroon. Materials and Methods SettingThe Dschang District Hospital (DDH), the Adlucem Medical Foundation Hospital (AH) and the "Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul" (HSVP) in Dschang, chosen based on longevity of service and level of care offered in surgical, paediatric, general men and women, maternity and ophthalmology wards.The DDH went operational in 1957. It is located above the bilingual primary school, opposite the Dschang University entrance and lies on latitude 10 o 03'724", longitude 5 o 26'843" and an altitude of 1391m. It has a capacity of 200 beds with a team of five doctors, six laboratory workers and 45 nurses. ABSTRACTBackground: There is a dearth of knowledge on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Cameroon. This study scrutinized HAI prevention and burden in three hospitals in Dschang, West Region of the country, in order to inform on current practices. Materials and Methods: From September 2008 to April 2009, patient records in three hospitals were assessed, questionnaires administered, and hand washing examined in 29 consenting nurses. A retrospective study on nosocomial infections (NIs) was performed by reviewing the records of 12917 in-patients who survived longer than 72 hours and were not transferred to other hospitals. Modified National Healthcare Safety Network protocols were employed and data analyzed using SPSS. Results: Study respondents (77%, P 0.0089) were aware of HAI control but lacked detailed knowledge including the five moments for hand hygiene. Of 35 staff evaluated, 74% (P 0.0093) used non-disposable hand towels, 9% disposable and a further 9% air-dried hands after washing. An alarming 72% of hand cultures grew coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Enteroccocus, Bacillus, fungi, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and other coliforms indicating fecal contamination. NI rates averaged 2.6 infections/100 admissions and four infected patients/1000 patient days; 17.4% and 12 infected patients/1000 days in surgical patients. Surgical site (38%), respiratory (26%), gastrointestinal (19%), bloodstream (8%) and urinary (7%) infections were predominant NIs, with a mean development time of 7-11 days and prolonged hospital stay by 12 days. Cost constraints precluded routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing; thus no data on clinical pathogens. Conclusion: Scrupulous hand hy...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare-associated infections in three hospitals in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Kesah¹,

Vincent²,

Chrysanthus³

2013

Ann Trop Med Public Health

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“…Falciparum malaria had also been reported during the 1950s among drug addicts who shared contaminated syringes [ 33 ], yet it soon disappeared. One patient with no overseas travel history died of falciparum malaria recently [ 34 ]. However, this case was confirmed to have been due to a nosocomial (in-hospital) infection from another malaria patient who became infected in Africa [ 34 ].…”

Section: Disease Patterns Of Malaria In Koreamentioning

confidence: 99%

History and Current Status of Malaria in Korea

Chai

2020

Infect Chemother

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Vivax malaria which had been highly prevalent in Korea disappeared rapidly from the 1960s to 1984 when domestic occurrence of cases stopped. However, malaria reemerged in 1993 near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) bordering with North Korea. The number of patients thereafter increased exponentially year after year totaling 35,526 cases by the end of 2015. A small number of cases (1-53 patients annually) also occurred among the United States military personnel camping in Korea. However, after the 2010s the number of annual malaria cases has been decreasing slowly in Korea. Several reports on malaria situation in North Korea described high malaria prevalence after 1997 which peaked during 1999-2002 and has been decreasing thereafter. At the beginning of the reemergence, the majority of cases (60-90%) were soldiers aged 20-25 years camping around the northern parts of Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do (Province), Korea just facing the DMZ. However, as the outbreak continued more civilians were infected. The course of illness was relatively mild, and chemotherapy with chloroquine in combination with primaquine was successful in most of the patients. Mass chemoprophylaxis combined with mosquito control activities greatly contributed to the decline of malaria situation among Korean military soldiers.

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“…The first case of nosocomial transmission of falciparum malaria in Korea was reported in an emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital in January 2007. 1 Although the route of transmission was not identified, it was suggested to have occurred due to congestion in the ED. Nosocomial transmission of malaria has occurred through multidose heparin vials with contaminated blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of multidose vials and fingerstick blood sampling devices in Korean emergency departments and intensive care units

Kwak¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

Int J of Nursing Practice

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This study was performed to compare compliance with standard precautions for the use of multidose vials (MDVs) and fingerstick devices in emergency departments (EDs) and intensive care units (ICUs). Between December 2007 and February 2008, 389 nurses from the EDs or ICUs of six university-affiliated hospitals in Korea were asked to complete the questionnaire. A total of 338 (86.9%) nurses completed the survey, corresponding to 159 of 184 ED and 179 of 205 ICU nurses. A comparison of MDV use in EDs and ICUs indicated a significant difference only in disinfection of the rubber septum of heparin vials; 88.1% of ED nurses and 96.6% of ICU nurses stated that they always disinfected the rubber septum of heparin vials whenever drawing medication (P = 0.003). The use of separate fingerstick devices for each patient (71.7% vs. 54.5%) and disinfection of these devices after each use (36.5% vs. 26.0%) were more common in ED nurses. The rate of good hand hygiene was lower in ED nurses, both before (43.7% vs. 74.3%) and after (64.6% vs. 91.6%) the use of fingerstick devices (P < 0.001 for both). There is a need to improve compliance with standard precautions, especially hand hygiene, in EDs.

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A Locally Acquired Falciparum Malaria via Nosocomial Transmission in Korea

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Healthcare-associated infections in three hospitals in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

Healthcare-associated infections in three hospitals in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon

History and Current Status of Malaria in Korea

The use of multidose vials and fingerstick blood sampling devices in Korean emergency departments and intensive care units

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