A large scale ambient vibration survey in the area damaged by May–June 2012 seismic sequence in Emilia Romagna, Italy

Paolucci, Enrico; Albarello, Dario; D’Amico, Sebastiano; Lunedei, Enrico; Martelli, Luca; Mucciarelli, Marco; Pileggi, Domenico

doi:10.1007/s10518-015-9767-5

Cited by 53 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We considered separately the shallower profile (until 31 m corresponding to the first sensor location) and then the remaining structure until 126 m of depth. (Martelli and Romani 2013;Paolucci et al 2015;Garofalo et al 2016a, b). Blue dashed lines bounds of the Vs values within each layer of the profile.…”

Section: Forward Modeling and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, several geophysical investigations have been carried out in Mirandola, such as the velocity profile obtained from cross-hole and down-hole tests, ESAC and noise HVSR data (Paolucci et al 2015;Gallipoli et al 2014). However, the essential step for our purposes consists in the installation of three-component seismic sensors in two adjacent boreholes that was performed in June 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Site response estimation at Mirandola by virtual reference station

Laurenzano

Priolo

Mucciarelli

et al. 2016

Bull Earthquake Eng

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In this paper, we address the issue of evaluating the seismic site response for sites located on large alluvial plains, for which no reference sites can be identified, but some earthquakes can be simultaneously recorded at both surface and depth. In the proposed method, surface and borehole records are firstly used to assess the local 1D velocity model, then a model representing a virtual reference rock site is defined, and finally the site spectral amplification is calculated through numerical modeling. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated at the site of Mirandola (Italy). This site is located in an area which suffered heavy damage during the seismic sequence that started in Northern Italy with the Mw = 5.8 event on May 20th, 2012. That time, the site hosted an accelerometer of the National Accelerometric Network, which recorded the whole sequence. A new station, named MIRB (MIRandola Borehole), was installed during 2014; it is equipped with three accelerometric sensors deployed at surface, 31 and 126 m depth, respectively. The results of this study evidence that Mirandola is characterized by an amplification level consistent with that of a class-C soil for up to a period of about 0.45 s, while for higher periods, the amplification lays between class-B and C soils.

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Section: Forward Modeling and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site response estimation at Mirandola by virtual reference station

Laurenzano

Priolo

Mucciarelli

et al. 2016

Bull Earthquake Eng

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“…Fortified by these results and taking into account a reasonable uncertainty of 10%, we attributed smoothly variable velocities to the deposits infilling the Piniada Valley ranging between 320 and 440 m/s, which are typical values for loose-to-poorly consolidated alluvial deposits (e.g. Abu-Zeid et al, 2014;Paolucci et al, 2015;Minarelli et al, 2016;Tarabusi and Caputo, 2016).…”

Section: Shear-wave Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Moreover, based on the careful analysis of the available stratigraphic logs from boreholes drilled for irrigation purposes (Table 1) and performing dedicated measurements for their seismic noise calibration, the shear-wave velocities characterizing the infilling sediments overlying the bedrock have been attained ranging between 320 and 430 m/s, which are typical values for loose-to-poorly consolidated alluvial deposits (e.g. Abu- Zeid et al, 2014;Paolucci et al, 2015;Minarelli et al, 2016;Caputo, 2016 Tarabusi andCaputo, 2016). It was consequently possible to convert each HVSR curves from the frequency domain to the depth domain (Figure 4) and therefore obtain the depth to the (seismic) bedrock from the field surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Palaeo-Piniada Valley, Central Greece, Based on Systematic Microtremor Analyses

Mantovani

Valkaniotis²,

Rapti

et al. 2017

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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The application of seismic noise-based techniques has become particularly popular in the last decades, as they are not invasive and do not require large teams or expensive equipments. The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) is commonly used not only in seismic microzoning studies as far as from noise recording constraining the fundamental resonant frequency, it is possible to infer the depth of the bedrock knowing the average shear wave velocity of the overlying sedimentary cover, or viceversa (i.e. resonance equation). For the purposes of the present research, more than 300 single-station noise measurements (HVSR approach) were carried out across the Piniada Valley (Central Greece), along and between several transects planned roughly perpendicular to the mean valley trend. In order to understand the palaeogeographic and tectonic evolution of this area, we needed an estimation of the geometry at depth of the bedrock underlying the fluvial deposits of the present-day Pinios River. As a result, for each measured site, we calculated the depth of the bedrock and, afterwards, such values were opportunely interpolated for obtaining a 3D model of the palaeo-Piniada Valley documenting for the first time the recent (Late Quaternary) inversion of the topographic gradient.

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“…Influenced by the mountain and sea, precipitation in the study region has high spatial heterogeneity. The average annual rainfall (in the period of 1951–2002) is about 1,000 mm based on ERA5 datasets, with depths of rainfall in the Apennines mountain chain reach as high as 1,600 mm, but values can drop to below 800 mm in the eastern Po Plain (Martelloni et al ., 2011; Segoni et al ., 2014; Paolucci et al ., 2015). Rainfall is plentiful in autumn and spring and declines from the northeast to the plain (Cacciamani and Tomozeiu, 2001).…”

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of statistical interpolation methods suited for gridded rainfall datasets

Liu

Zhuo

Pregnolato

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Accurate spatial distribution information of rainfall is essential to rainfallinduced hazard predictions and statistical interpolation methods may serve as a useful tool to produce a detailed distribution from coarse data sources. Although numerous comparison studies about different interpolation methods have been conducted on irregular rain-gauge networks, there is a need to perform such work on the increasingly available gridded rainfall data. Carried out in the Emilia-Romagna region (Italy) from 2008 to 2018, this study aims to examine accurate and appropriate interpolation methods to produce finer rainfall surface maps based on the 0.25 × 0.25 ERA5 gridded precipitation datasets. Five interpolation techniques, namely Thiessen polygons, Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Thin Plate Spline (TPS), Ordinary Kriging (OK) and ordinary Co-Kriging (CoK), have been selected and compared at different time scales (annual, monthly and annual maximum daily precipitation). To assess the accuracy, the leave-one-out-cross-validation test was used by using the indexes of Bias, correlation coefficient, the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency, Root Mean Square Error and the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE). Additionally, visual inspections are employed to evaluate the plausibility of the interpolated maps. Results show: (a) All five interpolation methods have certain capabilities to improve spatial resolution, but they fail on accuracy at the daily scale. The OK generally outperforms the other four methods, while TPS shows better performance through the visual inspection at the monthly scale; (b) Unlike in the case of the interpolation using conventional point-based rain-gauge data, the multivariate method CoK is inferior to the univariate ones and the p-power of the IDW also differs and (c) Winter and spring results are better than those of summer and autumn. This study has provided useful guidance on choosing suitable rainfall interpolation methods for gridded datasets, which can be expanded in other regions and data sources to explore the generality of the conclusions.

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A large scale ambient vibration survey in the area damaged by May–June 2012 seismic sequence in Emilia Romagna, Italy

Cited by 53 publications

References 18 publications

Site response estimation at Mirandola by virtual reference station

Site response estimation at Mirandola by virtual reference station

Mapping the Palaeo-Piniada Valley, Central Greece, Based on Systematic Microtremor Analyses

An assessment of statistical interpolation methods suited for gridded rainfall datasets

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