A large linkage group on pig chromosome 7 including the MHC class I, class II (DQB), and class III (TNFB) genes

Edfors-Lilja, Inger; Ellegren, Hans; Winterø, A. K.; Rouhonen-Lehto, Marja; Fredholm, Merete; Gustafsson, U.; Juneja, Rajnish; Andersson, Leif

doi:10.1007/bf00210479

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Other orders or orientations gave lower scores by ~ 3 LOD. Our result is in agreement with previous reports of SLA gene order and orientation (Geffrotin et al 1991;Edfors-Lilja et al 1993). The crossover results in a calculated genetic distance of 1.1 cM between the ends of the SLA, close to the value reported previously (1.5 cM, Ellegren et al 1994a).…”

Section: Linkage Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

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Directed integration of the physical and genetic linkage maps of swine chromosome 7 reveals that the SLA spans the centromere.

Smith¹,

Rohrer²,

Alexander³

et al. 1995

Genome Res.

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The first integrated physical and genetic linkage map encompassing the entire swine chromosome 7 (SSC7) reveals that the porcine MHC (SLA) spans the centromere. A SLA class !I antigen gene lies on the q arm, whereas class I and !!1 genes lie on the p arm, suggesting that the presence of a centromere within the SLA does not preclude a functional complex. The SLA appears smaller than other mammalian MHC, as the genetic distance across two class !, three class !1, and three class !!i SLA gene markers is only I.I cM. There are significant variations in recombination rates as a function of position along the chromosome, and the SLA lies in the region with the lowest rate. Furthermore, the directed integration approach used in this study was more efficient than previous efforts that emphasized the screening of large insert libraries for random microsatellites.Genetic maps of livestock species are currently being developed to provide a worldwide resource for mapping quantitative trait loci, comparative mapping in evolutionary studies, and mapping of pertinent loci in animal models of human disorders. These objectives require a framework of informative markers that can be genotyped economically. Integration of this framework with a cytogenetic map allows evaluation of coverage, genome size, and recombination rates along the chromosome, as well as establishing syntenic relationships among species. Two linkage maps of swine chromosome 7 (SSC7) have been reported, one that includes 11 Archibald et al. 1995) and one with 17 ) microsatellite markers. The two maps have only one marker in common, and both contain intervals >30 cM. The cytogenetic map includes only four relatively low resolution assignments of linked markers with -30% coverage (Ed-

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Section: Linkage Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Primer sequences were checked against previously reported sequences and are given in Table 1 or are as described (Coppieters et al 1993;Fredholm et al 1993;Ellegren et al 1994a;Robic et al 1994;Rohrer et al 1994;Ruyter et al 1994;Wintero and Fredholm 1994;L.J. Alexander, G.A.…”

Section: Microsatellitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directed integration of the physical and genetic linkage maps of swine chromosome 7 reveals that the SLA spans the centromere.

Smith¹,

Rohrer²,

Alexander³

et al. 1995

Genome Res.

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“…According to all the available data, the recombination rate within the swine Mhc region is less than 1% (10,56). In fact, in commercial French pig families, this rate was even lower (0.4%) (14), This value may have been somewhat underestimated, however, as in this earlier investigation only reconibinational events between the class I and class II regions could be easily recorded.…”

Section: Recombination Within the Sla Regionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Thus, unlike more recent investigation, the lack of specific probes permitting the detection of crossing-over events, especially within the class II region, may have led to the missing of some additional recombinations. A genetic distance of 0.7 cM was estimated between the TNFB class III gene and the DQB class II gene in 200 F2s pigs originally issued from European wild boars crossed with Swedish Yorkshire sows (56). At present a total of 17 documented SLA recomhinants have been reported including ten Large White pigs, five NIH miniature pigs (57).…”

Section: Recombination Within the Sla Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The major histocompatibility complex in swine

Chardon¹,

Renard²,

Vaiman³

1999

Immunological Reviews

104

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In swine, the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) or swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) is located on chromosome 7 and divided by the centromere. Thus, the telomeric class I and more centromeric class III regions are located on the p arm and the class II region is located on the q arm. The SLA region spans about 2 Mb, in which more than 70 genes have so far been characterized. Despite its division by the centromere, the spatial relationships between the genes in the class II and class III regions, and between the well-conserved non-class I genes of the class I region, are similar to those found in the human HLA complex. On the other hand, no orthologous relationships have been found between the Mhc class I genes in man and swine. In swine, the 12 SLA class I sequences constitute two distinct clusters. One cluster comprises six classical class I-related sequences, while the other comprises five class I-distantly related sequences including two swine homologous genes of the HLA Mhc class I chain-related gene (MIC) sequence family. The number of functional SLA classical class I genes, as defined by serology, probably varies from one to four, depending on the haplotype. Some of the SLA class I-distantly related sequences are clearly transcribed. As regards the SLA class II genes, some of them clearly code for at least one functional SLA-DR and one SLA-DQ heterodimer product, but none code for any DP product. The amino acid alignment of the variable domains of 33 SLA classical class I chains, and 62 DR beta and 20 DQ beta chains confirmed the exceptionally polymorphic pattern of these polypeptides. Among the class II genes, the genes are either monomorphic, like the DRA gene, or oligomorphic, like the DQA genes. In contrast, the DRB and DQB genes display considerable polymorphism, which seems more marked in DRB than DQB genes.

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“…However, with the exception of the laboratory mouse, the MHC of other mammals is much less studied, and this is especially true for the class III region. According to the data presently available, the overall organization of the human MHC has been conserved in swine, with the class I region telomeric on the chromosome, the class II region centromeric, and the class III region in between (Edfors-Lilja et al 1993). The class III region is of special interest owing to its association with several diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A detailed physical map of the porcine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region: Comparison with human and mouse MHC class III regions

et al. 1996

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A detailed physical map of the porcine MHC class III region on Chr 7 was constructed with a panel of probes in a series of hybridizations on genomic pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) Southern blots. A precise organization of the 700-kb segment of DNA between G18 and BAT1 can now be proposed, with more than 30 genes mapped to it. Comparison of this region with homologous regions in human and mouse showed only minor differences. The biggest difference was observed in the CYP21/C4 locus with only one CYP21 gene and one C4 gene found, whereas in human and mouse these genes are duplicated. These results show the class III region is very well conserved between pig, human, and mouse, in contrast with the class I and class II regions, which seem more prone to rearrangements.

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A large linkage group on pig chromosome 7 including the MHC class I, class II (DQB), and class III (TNFB) genes

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Directed integration of the physical and genetic linkage maps of swine chromosome 7 reveals that the SLA spans the centromere.

Directed integration of the physical and genetic linkage maps of swine chromosome 7 reveals that the SLA spans the centromere.

The major histocompatibility complex in swine

A detailed physical map of the porcine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region: Comparison with human and mouse MHC class III regions

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