A laboratory study of the efficiency with which aerosol particles are scavenged by snow flakes

Mitra, Subir K.; Barth, Uli; Pruppacher, H. R.

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(90)90089-6

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The below-cloud scavenging is quantified in terms of the scavenging coefficient K(s À1 ): the rate of loss of aerosols from the atmosphere due to their capture by larger hydrometeors per unit time. The K has been determined via laboratory experiments (Wang et al 1978;Murakami et al 1985aMurakami et al , 1985bMurakami et al , 1985cSauter and Wang 1989;Mitra et al 1990;Bell and Saunders 1995), field measurements (Sparmacher et al 1993;Laakso et al 2003;Andronache et al 2006;Kyrö et al 2009;Paramonov et al 2011), and theoretical studies (Martin et al 1980;Wang 1989, 1991;Dick 1990;Wang et al 2010Wang et al , 2011Jung et al 2013;Zhang et al 2013) with various meteorological conditions (e.g., rain and snow). The corresponding parameterizations representing the below-cloud scavenging processes in numerical models have also been developed (Gong et al 1997;Henzing et al 2006;Tost et al 2006;Feng 2007Feng , 2009Croft et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Collection Efficiency Diameter during Snow Scavenging Process

Jung

Shin

et al. 2015

Particulate Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The scavenging of atmospheric aerosols by below-cloud scavenging processes during rain or snow precipitation plays an important role in the removal of aerosols in the atmosphere. Because of a variety of frozen precipitation types and their physical properties, the snow scavenging is a more complicated process compared with the rain scavenging. This study determined the minimum collection efficiency and minimum collection efficiency diameter for polydispersed hydrometeor size distributions during the snow precipitation. Three types of collectors (graupel, dendrite, and column) were considered and the obtained minimum collection efficiency and the corresponding minimum collection efficiency diameter were intercompared. Results showed that the minimum collection efficiency diameters for snow were smaller than those for rain. The minimum collection efficiency diameters of graupel decreased as the collector diameter increased, whereas other collectors (i.e., dendrite and column) did not show this decreasing tendency. The minimum collection efficiencies of graupels were larger than those of dendrite and column collectors. It was also shown that column collectors had the largest scavenging coefficients.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Collection Efficiency Diameter during Snow Scavenging Process

Jung

Shin

et al. 2015

Particulate Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These processes have been studied theoretically and experimentally for the cases of ''wet'' scavenging by water drops, [25] snow scavenging, [26,27] and for both cases. It is well known that aerosol particles are generated by natural processes (e.g., photochemical reactions, soil deflation, generation of sea salt spray) and various anthropogenic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental and Ionic Concentrations in the Urban Aerosol in Antwerp, Belgium

Deutsch

Stranger

Kaplinskii

et al. 2004

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The results of a study of the elemental and ionic composition of the ambient aerosol in and around Antwerp are presented. Four sampling campaigns were performed, covering all seasons. The samples were obtained by filtration and impaction methods. Subsequently, the filters were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for elements, and the impactor substrates were leached with water and analyzed by ion chromatography for ions. When comparing the results of the chemical analysis with the meteorological information, it was found that the concentration of certain elements and ions in aerosol samples was affected considerably by the location of the sampling site and by the meteorological conditions. In relatively less polluted places like small towns and rural regions around Antwerp, the concentrations of some elements and ions showed qualitatively a positive or negative correlation in their time variations with the amount of precipitation. Hence, we suppose that in the first case these elements and ions are contained mainly in the more hygroscopic fraction (the most apparent is the behavior of Na and Cl), and that in the second case, the elements are mainly present in the less hygroscopic fraction of the ambient aerosol. However, this behavior of the elements and ions may be different for various particle size ranges. In the highly urbanized and industrial sites close to the central and industrial parts of Antwerp, these correlations were not found. This could be connected with the high and variable local aerosol generation rate, when only heavy rains are able to provide a sufficient removal of the aerosols from the atmosphere.

show abstract

“…At present, there has not been a systematic study on the magnitude of differences between different snow-scavenging formulations. It is expected that the uncertainty in the parameterization of particle scavenging by snow may be greater than that by rain due to the difficulty in quantifying the non-spherical shape, orientation, and size spectrum of snow and ice particles [213][214][215], although this needs to be confirmed through a detailed assessment of the uncertainties of existing snow scavenging parameterizations and associated parameters. Furthermore, the relative importance of particle scavenging by rain vs. by snow has not been assessed, though intuitively the scavenging by snow may be more efficient.…”

Section: Below-cloud Particle Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud Processing of Gases and Aerosols in Air Quality Modeling

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The representations of cloud processing of gases and aerosols in some of the current state-of-the-art regional air quality models in North America and Europe are reviewed. Key processes reviewed include aerosol activation (or nucleation scavenging of aerosols), aqueous-phase chemistry, and wet deposition/removal of atmospheric tracers. It was found that models vary considerably in the parameterizations or algorithms used in representing these processes. As an emerging area of research, the current understanding of the uptake of water soluble organics by cloud droplets and the potential aqueous-phase reaction pathways leading to the atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is also reviewed. Sensitivity tests using the AURAMS model have been conducted in order to assess the impact on modeled regional particulate matter (PM) from: (1) the different aerosol activation schemes, (2) the different below-cloud particle scavenging algorithms, and (3) the inclusion of cloud processing of water soluble organics as a potential pathway for the formation of atmospheric SOA. It was found that the modeled droplet number concentrations and ambient PM size distributions were strongly affected by the use of different aerosol activation schemes. The impact on the modeled average ambient PM mass concentration was found to be limited in terms of averaged PM 2.5 concentration (~a few percents) but more significant in terms of PM 1.0 (up to 10 percents). The modeled ambient PM was found to be moderately sensitive to the below-cloud particle scavenging algorithms, with relative differences up to 10% and 20% in terms of PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively, when using the two different algorithms for the scavenging coefficient (Λ) OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2011, 2 568 corresponding to the lower and upper bounds in the parameterization for Λ. The model simulation with the additional cloud uptake and processing of water-soluble organic gases was shown to improve the evaluation statistics for modeled PM 2.5 OA compared to the IMPROVE network data, and it was demonstrated that the cloud processing of water-soluble organics can indeed be an important mechanism in addition to the traditional secondary organic gas uptake to the particle organic phase.

show abstract

A laboratory study of the efficiency with which aerosol particles are scavenged by snow flakes

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Minimum Collection Efficiency Diameter during Snow Scavenging Process

Minimum Collection Efficiency Diameter during Snow Scavenging Process

Elemental and Ionic Concentrations in the Urban Aerosol in Antwerp, Belgium

Cloud Processing of Gases and Aerosols in Air Quality Modeling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About