A laboratory-based leak noise simulator for buried water pipes

Iwanaga, M.K.; Brennan, M.J.; Almeida, Fabricio; Scussel, Oscar; Cezar, Sillas Oliveira

doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.108346

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…and Gardonio [27], but rather than using the variables of force (or pressure) and velocity, displacement is used instead of velocity, as this is more convenient. The dynamics of the pipesoil system can be described by [28,29] (…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of phase data from ground vibration measurements above a leaking plastic water pipe

Scussel

Brennan

Iwanaga

et al. 2023

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of phase data from ground vibration measurements above a leaking plastic water pipe

Scussel

Brennan

Iwanaga

et al. 2023

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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“…A bespoke device [15], which reproduces the pipe vibration response due to leak excitation (using shakers) is used here to investigate the feasibility of using cameras as a tool for non-contact measurements. Although the device does not reproduce a ground vibration response, it can be used to perform an initial investigation, as time delay between two signals and attenuation at two different measurement positions can be pre-defined under strict conditions.…”

Section: Test Device and Simulation Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Investigation Into Non-Contact Measurements for Leak Detection Using a Commercial Camera to Measure Vibration

Campos,

Brennan,

Gonçalves

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Leaks in water distribution systems are a major problem as a large amount of water is wasted between treatment plants and consumers. Water supply companies use different strategies to identify and locate leaks in their pipe networks, among which, vibro-acoustic methods and devices (i.e. listening sticks, geophones, and leak noise correlators) are the most popular. Although single-point listening devices are cheap and simple to use, they rely on the operator’s hearing training. Moreover, this may lead to a search based on trial and error as only vibration intensity is used, so no information regarding the leak direction is available to aid in its location. Leak noise correlators, however, use two sensors and a leak can be pinpointed by estimating the time of flight between the two measured signals together with knowledge of the speed at which the leak noise propagates. These sensors need to be directly placed on the pipe or a pipe fitting. This paper concerns an investigation of a new technique, where leak noise signals measured using cameras (non-contact measurements), are pre-processed using computer vision techniques to extract meaningful information regarding vibration due to a leak. Here, this is conducted in controlled conditions by using a test bench that simulates the vibration response of a buried pipe at two measurement positions. Tests are carried out to evaluate the camera sensitivity regarding the distance from the signal source, lighting, contrast intensity, and the relation between image resolution and detection of a simulated leak are performed. The results are compared to classic contact measurements made using accelerometers, showing that the proposed technique is promising for leak detection. Moreover, this comparison is conducted using classical signal processing tools such as Power Spectral Density (PSD), modulus and phase of the Cross-Power Spectral Density (CPSD), coherence and Cross-Correlation Coefficient (CCC).

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“…Use two or multiple sensors placed around the suspected leak source to record and transmit noise through radio to the processing unit. (Iwanaga et al, 2022) Fiber optic sensors Uses a fiber optic-based reflective material for leak detection. (Ibrahim et al, 2021) are being explored by developing customized sensors based on novel technologies and demonstrating their acceptable capabilities against commercial sensors.…”

Section: Leak Noise Correlatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐art review of leak diagnostic experiments: Toward a smart water network

Bakhtawar

Zayed

2023

WIREs Water

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Effective water pipeline leak detection and localization can help water practitioners save water losses and reduce pipe rehabilitation budgets. Different sensing technologies can provide essential data aiding model development for predicting future leaks in the water distribution networks. Solutions for applying different sensing technologies to real water distribution networks are being developed for real‐time data collection, precise leak localization, reducing false alarms, and continuous pipeline monitoring. Experiments of different scales and specifications have been conducted to test the application and effectiveness of sensing technologies for leak diagnosis in water pipelines. Quality data collection is especially crucial for the successful implementation of these experiments. However, practitioners need help designing effective leak detection and localization experiments, wasting time, and resources. There needs to be a greater understanding of the design parameters for more accurate testing, such as sensor selection, sensor placement, ambient noise sources, and system operations. The current study, therefore, delineates design parameters for design leak diagnosis experiments for lab, testbed, and real networks. For application in real water networks, expert opinion is used to help identify the benefits and limitations and the implementation issues of available sensing technologies. An example experiment design using multi‐sensing technologies for smart leak diagnostics in Hong Kong is also presented. The study can guide water practitioners and researchers to design a multi‐sensing leak diagnostic experiments enabling a smart and sustainable utility management.This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Methods Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water Science of Water > Water Extremes

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A laboratory-based leak noise simulator for buried water pipes

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of phase data from ground vibration measurements above a leaking plastic water pipe

Analysis of phase data from ground vibration measurements above a leaking plastic water pipe

An Experimental Investigation Into Non-Contact Measurements for Leak Detection Using a Commercial Camera to Measure Vibration

State‐of‐the‐art review of leak diagnostic experiments: Toward a smart water network

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