SUMMARY.The effect of menadione on the reduction of methaemoglobin by normal and gIueose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient (G6PD-dcficient) human erythrocytes has been studied. With ghicose as substrate, menadione cansed an increased rate of methaemoglobin reduction in normal but not in G6PD-deficient erythrocytes. With laetate, menadione produced enhanced methaemoglobin reduction in both normal and G6PD-deficient erythrocytes.The effect of menadfone appeared somewhat similar in nature to that produced by methylene blue, but of lesser degree and shorter duration. Evidence was presented to show that menadione-induced methaemoglobin formation may complicate the kinetics of methaemoglobin reduction, particularly with higher concentrations of menadione and lower initial concentrations of methaemoglobin.It was suggested that menadione enhances the reduction of methaemoglobin mainly by catalysing reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent reduction of methaemoglobin, but also under certain circumstances by stimulating one or more reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-dependent pathways of methaemoglobin reduction.INTRODUCTION.