A importância do diagnóstico por imagem na classificação dos endoleaks como complicação do tratamento endovascular de aneurismas aórticos

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe a series of endoleak cases and their respective classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors developed a retrospective study of endoleaks diagnosed at their institution in the period between 2005 and 2009. Twenty cases were included to illustrate the different types of endoleaks. RESULTS: Seventy percent of the patients were men, and the ages ranged from 43 to 91 years (mean, 76.3 years). Thirteen cases were observed in the infrarenal abdominal aorta, four in the thoracic aorta, two in the iliac artery, and one in the carotid territory. Ultrasonography was the method utilized for diagnosis in three cases, and computed tomography in the other 17 cases. 5. Professor Doctor, Division of Radiology, Coordinator of the or heart wall, that is larger than 50% of the presumed normal diameter (1) . Among aortic aneurysms, 90 % to 95% are located in the abdominal aorta below the renal arteries bifurcation (2) .The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms increases with age, affecting approximately 6% of individuals after 65 years of age (3) . The mean age at diagnosis is between 65 and 75 years, with male predominance (4) . Currently, its incidence is increasing as a consequence of the global population aging (5) .Chagas Neto FA, Barreto ARF, Reis HF, Bernardes JPG, Leitão JPC, Lucena AF, Muglia VF, Elias Junior J. The value of diagnostic imaging in the classification of endoleaks as a complication of endoluminal grafting of aortic aneurysms. Radiol Bras. 2010;43(5):289-294.

Achados incidentais de aneurismas torácicos e abdominais

“…The prevalence of AAA was 0.6% for 10 A diagnosis of AAA was more frequent among male patients (71.4%), in agreement with the literature. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]17,22,[30][31][32] The mean diameter of the AAAs was 4 cm (range: 3.1 cm to 6.9 cm), which is similar to two other Brazilian studies, which found mean diameters of 3.9 cm 9 and 3.5 cm. 16 Elective treatment of AAAs is recommended when their diameter reaches 5.5 cm.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]22,23,[30][31][32] While the 60.6% of the sample were CTs of female patients, there was a predominance (although not a statistically significant difference) of diagnoses among males [15 (60%) men and 10 (40%) women].…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] According to the literature, they are most common in the aorta, followed by the iliac arteries and then the splenic artery. 7 They have multifactorial etiology (hereditary, traumatic, infectious, and/or inflammatory), but around 80% of aneurysms are associated with atherosclerotic degeneration of the artery wall.…”

“…7 They have multifactorial etiology (hereditary, traumatic, infectious, and/or inflammatory), but around 80% of aneurysms are associated with atherosclerotic degeneration of the artery wall. 2,5 It is estimated that the incidence rate of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) is six cases per 100,000 patients/year, and that the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is 25 per 100,000 patients/year. 3,5 Around 10% of patients with AAA have aneurysms in another segment of the aorta, and 25% of patients with TAA also have a concomitant AAA.…”

“…21 Diagnoses peak between 65 and 75 years of age. 2,9,10,22 The majority of studies define an infrarenal AAA as a dilation with a cross-sectional diameter greater than or equal to 3 cm. 9,11,12,19,20,23 Elective treatment is recommended for an AAA when its diameter reaches 5.5 cm or when there is an increase of at least 5 mm in1 year, because of the increased risk of rupture and the potential lethality.…”