A Hyperchaotic Color Image Encryption Algorithm and Security Analysis

Yousaf

Security and Communication Networks

et al. 2020

Key schedule algorithms play an important role in modern encryption algorithms, and their security is as crucial as the security of the encryption algorithms themselves. Many studies have been performed on the cryptographic strength evaluation of the encryption algorithms; however, strength evaluation of the key schedule algorithms often obtains less attention that can lead towards the possible loophole in the overall encryption process. In this paper, a criterion is proposed to evaluate the cryptographic strength of the key schedule algorithms. This criterion includes different methods of data generation from subkeys and a suitable set of statistical tests. The statistical tests are used to explore the cryptographic properties such as diffusion, confusion, independence, and randomness in the subkeys generated by the key schedule algorithm. The proposed criterion has been applied to some of the key schedule algorithms of different block ciphers. The results confirm that the proposed criterion can effectively differentiate between strong- and weak-key schedule algorithms.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptographic Strength Evaluation of Key Schedule Algorithms

Yousaf

Security and Communication Networks

et al. 2020

“…We can observe in the proposed algorithm the sensitivity of the generated secret key x by 12 10 − , or any value of 1 r and 2 r by 1.…”

Section: Key Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, in 2017, Shaikh, Chapaneri et al [11] proposed a color image encryption algorithm, which is a single round-based hyperchaotic system due to bi-directional pixel diffusion that contributes towards an increased security and improved efficiency. Recently, in 2019, Chenghai Li et al used the "transforming-scrambling-diffusion" model to introduce a hyperchaotic color image encryption algorithm that depends on converting the pixel values into gray codes before scrambling [12]. In the same year, Priya Ramasamy et al suggested an improved logistical map while using a chaotic maps function and uncomplicated encryption techniques, such as block scrambling and modified zigzag transformation, for encryption phases [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Hyperchaotic Maps and Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

Mohamed

Elkamchouchi

Moussa

2020

Entropy

Multimedia encryption innovation is one of the primary ways of securely and privately guaranteeing the security of media transmission. There are many advantages when utilizing the attributes of chaos, for example, arbitrariness, consistency, ergodicity, and initial condition affectability, for any covert multimedia transmission. Additionally, many more benefits can be introduced with the exceptional space compliance, unique information, and processing capability of real mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA). In this article, color image encryption employs a confusion process based on a hybrid chaotic map, first to split each channel of color images into n-clusters; then to create global shuffling over the whole image; and finally, to apply intrapixel shuffling in each cluster, which results in very disordered pixels in the encrypted image. Then, it utilizes the rationale of human mitochondrial genome mtDNA to diffuse the previously confused pixel values. Hypothetical examination and trial results demonstrate that the anticipated scheme exhibits outstanding encryption, as well as successfully opposes chosen/known plain text, statistical, and differential attacks.

“…By using a single round based hyper-chaotic system, Shaikh et al presented a color image encryption method with bi-directional pixel diffusion [ 15 ]. Additionally, Li et al presented a "transforming-scrambling-diffusion” model based color image encryption method with a four-dimensional (4D) hyper-chaotic system, which could convert pixel values to gray format before scrambling [ 16 ]. There is no doubt that some of the encryption methods in these chaos-based schemes still have weaknesses to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyper-Chaotic Color Image Encryption Based on Transformed Zigzag Diffusion and RNA Operation

Zhang

Chen

2021

Entropy

With increasing utilization of digital multimedia and the Internet, protection on this digital information from cracks has become a hot topic in the communication field. As a path for protecting digital visual information, image encryption plays a crucial role in modern society. In this paper, a novel six-dimensional (6D) hyper-chaotic encryption scheme with three-dimensional (3D) transformed Zigzag diffusion and RNA operation (HCZRNA) is proposed for color images. For this HCZRNA scheme, four phases are included. First, three pseudo-random matrices are generated from the 6D hyper-chaotic system. Second, plaintext color image would be permuted by using the first pseudo-random matrix to convert to an initial cipher image. Third, the initial cipher image is placed on cube for 3D transformed Zigzag diffusion using the second pseudo-random matrix. Finally, the diffused image is converted to RNA codons array and updated through RNA codons tables, which are generated by codons and the third pseudo-random matrix. After four phases, a cipher image is obtained, and the experimental results show that HCZRNA has high resistance against well-known attacks and it is superior to other schemes.