A Hydrograph-Based Sediment Availability Assessment: Implications for Mississippi River Sediment Diversion

Rosen, Timothy; Xu, Y. Jun

doi:10.3390/w6030564

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, Rosen and Xu [21] contradicted this trend by suggesting that suspended sediment input has slightly increased in the river for the recent two decades (from 1990 to 2010), although no statistical significance was found. Our findings for sand transport (the courser sediment fraction) are identical with Rosen and Xu [21] as we also found a stronger increasing trend in sand loads starting from 1990-the average annual sand load from 1990 to 2013 (30˘5.4 MT) was clearly higher than that during 1973 and 1989 (23˘4.1 MT). The higher sand transport in the past two decades has mainly resulted from the increased discharge during the same period of time.…”

Section: Long-term Trend Of Sand Loads In the Lmmrmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These regimes were further Figure 1. Study area map (modified from Rosen and Xu [21]) showing the location of the LmMR at Tarbert Landing (TBL) (USGS Station ID 07295100 and USACE Gage ID 01100). MR and AR denote the courses of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers respectively; ORCS is the Old River Control Structure; "Sim" denotes Simmesport (USGS Station ID 07381490) site of the Atchafalaya River; RRL is Red River Landing, the gauging station for USGS just below TBL consisting of river stage records and CAR denotes Carrolton, New Orleans.…”

Section: Noaa's River Stages and Their Corresponding Flow Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their study on long-term suspended sediment transport at Tarbert Landing, Rosen and Xu [21] identified corresponding discharge for these stages: discharge <13,000 cms for Low Flow Stage, 13,000-18,000 cms for Action Flow Stage, 18,000-25,000 cms for Intermediate Flow Stage, 25,000-32,000 cms for High Flow stage, and >32,000 cms for Peak Flow Stage. These regimes were further used several times in our study, e.g., in frequency analysis, duration curves, and sand distribution and transport trends across these regimes.…”

Section: Noaa's River Stages and Their Corresponding Flow Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Suspended Sand Availability under Different Flow Conditions of the Lowermost Mississippi River at Tarbert Landing during 1973–2013

Joshi

2015

Water

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Rapid land loss in the Mississippi River Delta Plain has led to intensive efforts by state and federal agencies for finding solutions in coastal land restoration in the past decade. One of the proposed solutions includes diversion of the Mississippi River water into drowning wetland areas. Although a few recent studies have investigated flow-sediment relationships in the Lowermost Mississippi River (LmMR, defined as the 500 km reach from the Old River Control Structure to the river's Gulf outlet), it is unclear how individual sediment fractions behave under varying flow conditions of the river. The information can be especially pertinent because the quantity of coarse sands plays a critical role for the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River deltaic development. In this study, we utilized long-term (1973-2013) records on discharge and sediments at Tarbert Landing of the LmMR to assess sand behavior and availability under different river flow regimes, and extreme sand transport events and their recurrence. We found an average annual sand load (SL) of 27.2 megatonnes (MT) during 1973 and 2013, varying largely from 3.37 to 52.30 MT. For the entire 41-year study period, a total of approximately 1115 MT sand were discharged at Tarbert Landing, half of which occurred during the peak 20% flow events. A combination of intermediate, high and peak flow stages (i.e., river discharge was ě18,000 cubic meter per second) produced about 71% of the total annual SL within approximately 120 days of a year. Based on the long-term sediment assessment, we predict that the LmMR has a high likelihood to transport 4 to 446 thousand tonnes of sand every day over the next 40 years, during which annual sand loads could reach a maximum of 51.68 MT. Currently, no effective plan is in place to utilize this considerably high sand quantity and we suggest that river engineering and sediment management in the LmMR consider practices of hydrograph-based approach for maximally capturing riverine sediments.

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Section: Long-term Trend Of Sand Loads In the Lmmrmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Noaa's River Stages and Their Corresponding Flow Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Noaa's River Stages and Their Corresponding Flow Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Suspended Sand Availability under Different Flow Conditions of the Lowermost Mississippi River at Tarbert Landing during 1973–2013

Joshi

2015

Water

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“…For the same location, a report by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) [12] gave an average annual SSL of 134 MT for the decade 1989-1998 and a nearly 10% reduced load (123 MT) for the following decade. In a recent study, however, Rosen and Xu [13] reported an average annual suspended sediment load of 126 MT for the three decades of 1980-2010, with an insignificant but slightly increasing trend from 1990 to 2010. For the Mississippi River's largest distributary, the Atchafalaya River at Simmesport, Xu [14] reported an average annual suspended sediment load of 64 MT over the period , while the USACE report [12] gave an annual SSL of 48 MT for 1999-2008 and 75 MT for [1989][1990][1991][1992][1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment Trapping by Emerged Channel Bars in the Lowermost Mississippi River during a Major Flood

Wang

2015

Water

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Abstract:The formation of channel bars has been recognized as the most significant sediment response to the highly trained Mississippi River (MR). However, no quantitative study exists on the dynamics of emerged channel bars and associated sediment accumulation in the last 500-kilometer reach of the MR from the Gulf of Mexico outlet, also known as the lowermost Mississippi River. Such knowledge is especially critical for riverine sediment management to impede coastal land loss in the Mississippi River Delta. In this study, we utilized a series of satellite images taken from August 2010 to January 2012 to assess the changes in surface area and volume of three large emerged channel bars in the lowermost MR following an unprecedented spring flood in 2011. River stage data were collected to develop a rating curve of surface areas detected by satellite images with flow conditions for each of the three bars. A uniform geometry associated with the areal change was assumed to estimate the bar volume changes. Our study reveals that the 2011 spring flood increased the surface area of the bars by 3.5% to 11.1%, resulting in a total surface increase of 7.3%, or 424,000 m 2 . Based on the surface area change, we estimated a total bar volume increase of 4.4%, or 1,219,900 m 3 . This volume increase would be equivalent to a sediment trapping of approximately 1.0 million metric tons, assuming a sediment bulk density of 1.2 metric tons per cubic meter. This large quantity of sediment is likely an underestimation because of the neglect of subaqueous bar area change and the assumption of a uniform geometry in volume estimation. Nonetheless, the results imply that channel bars in the lowermost MR are capable of capturing a substantial amount of sediment during floods, and that a thorough assessment of their long-term change can OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 6080 provide important insights into sediment trapping in the lowermost MR as well as the feasibility of proposed river sediment diversions.

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“…Recent works by Rosen and Xu (2014) using a similar approach is a sediment availability assessment for the Mississippi River using stage hydrograph, while Ndomba (2013) used the Pacific Southwest Inter-Agency Committee (PSIAC) model for sediment yields estimation in ungauged catchments in Tanzania, and Curran- Cournane et al (2013) used sampled storm events and the sediment yield events in Auckland.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of Sediment Yield in a Small Urban Ungauged Watershed based on the Schaffernak Approach at Sugutamu Watershed, Ciliwung, West Java

Sutjiningsih¹,

Soeryantono²,

Anggraheni³

2015

IJTech

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The sediment yield is defined as the amount of sediment discharged by an area for a given period of time. Schaffernak proposed to estimate sediment yield in a watershed based on a sediment duration curve. The research objective is to test the applicability of a modified Schaffernak approach in estimating annual sediment yield in Sugutamu, a small urban watershed subsystem of the Ciliwung River where hardly any necessary data is available. The discharge-duration curve is developed based on daily runoff simulation using a hydrological model WinTR-55, while the sediment rating curve is derived based on field surveys and is developed only for a total suspended solid. The results of field surveys conducted in January 2015 were used for calibrating the physiographical parameters of the watershed as input data for WinTR-55, and the simulation was for the year 2014. Both calibration and simulation processes utilized the rainfall data from a nearby automatic rainfall recorder. The quantification of sediment yield resulted in 108.5 tons/km 2 /year, which is acceptable when compared to the results of similar studies. The results showed that sediment yield from ungauged watershed are possible to be quantified using modified Schaffernak approach in combination withWinTR-55 application. Further study is needed in order to validate the applicability of the approach in similar conditions.

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A Hydrograph-Based Sediment Availability Assessment: Implications for Mississippi River Sediment Diversion

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Assessment of Suspended Sand Availability under Different Flow Conditions of the Lowermost Mississippi River at Tarbert Landing during 1973–2013

Assessment of Suspended Sand Availability under Different Flow Conditions of the Lowermost Mississippi River at Tarbert Landing during 1973–2013

Sediment Trapping by Emerged Channel Bars in the Lowermost Mississippi River during a Major Flood

Estimation of Sediment Yield in a Small Urban Ungauged Watershed based on the Schaffernak Approach at Sugutamu Watershed, Ciliwung, West Java

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