A Hybrid Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerator with PVDF Nanoparticles and Leaf‐Shaped Microstructure PTFE Film for Scavenging Mechanical Energy

Abstract

demonstrated by using piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, and triboelectric mechanisms for vibration energy harvesting. Even though the harvested power from these methods are small, it is sufficient to power small electronic devices, including light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, pH sensors, speed sensors, and toxic pollutant sensors. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) has been most intensively studied because of its high conversion efficiency and compatible manufacturing process. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] And it is found that piezoelectric materials polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has demonstrated to be the largest piezoelectric constants in polymer. [19][20][21][22] To further this PVDF research for energy harvesting, Lee and co-workers introduced an enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting by using graphene oxide which output voltage could reach to 4 V. [20] Wang and co-workers reported another enhanced sponge-like piezoelectric using PVDF, however the processing of this prototype is complicated and constrained in lab. [9] Recently, hybrid nanogenerators have attracted more and more attention. [23][24][25] Wang first described a hybrid triboelectric and electromagnetic harvester for the harsh environment. [23] Lee and co-workers reported a broadband nonlinear electromagnetic and triboelectric hybrid energy harvester. [24] However, the existing research using both electromagnetic and triboelectric method could harvest limited power due to the impedance mismatch. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid method using the piezoelectric and triboelectric method for energy harvesting. The designed PENG could greatly enhance the collection efficiency of mechanical energy with PVDF nanoparticles and PVDF/PTFE film, and the leaf-shaped woven fiber benefited the electric output for the TENG. In the end, a random test using finger tap was demonstrated the mechanical energy conversion performance by using eight light-emitting diodes (LED).

Progress inTENGtechnology—A journey from energy harvesting to nanoenergy and nanosystem

“…Improved contact surface due to the nature of the woven fabric and polarized nanoparticle film can indeed provide good energy harvesting capabilities while still maintaining crucial mechanical properties. 275 The PEDOT: PSS-coated smart sock with embedded PZT chips presented in Figure 11C also shows a good balance between triboelectric and piezoelectric materials on textiles for health care monitoring and rehabilitation. It achieved great wearing comfort and shape conformality to not only provide detection of foot motions, but also achieve the sweat sensing via sensor fusion concept, that is, use PZT as a reference sensor to measure the degradation of triboelectric output under increasing sweat level.…”

“…In Figure 11D, PVDF nanoparticles and woven PTFE fiber film have been assembled into a flexible PE‐TENG core. Improved contact surface due to the nature of the woven fabric and polarized nanoparticle film can indeed provide good energy harvesting capabilities while still maintaining crucial mechanical properties 275 . The PEDOT: PSS‐coated smart sock with embedded PZT chips presented in Figure 11C also shows a good balance between triboelectric and piezoelectric materials on textiles for health care monitoring and rehabilitation.…”

“…PE-TENG motion sensors using PVDF fibers as only the piezoelectric layer or as both the piezoelectric layer and triboelectric contact surface have been reported, along with vibration sensors and nanogenerators made with polarized PVDF film and PVDF nanoparticles. 275,[289][290][291][292][293] One eloquent example of the polyvalence of PVDF is displayed in Figure 11B. A flappingblade wind energy harvester with TENG integrated winglike outer frame oscillates up and down, following the vortices created by the wind perturbations.…”

Multi-functionalization Strategies Using Nanomaterials: A Review and Case Study in Sensing Applications

“…As the third step of multi-functionalization, new physics was introduced. A multifunctional energy harvester exploiting both piezoelectric and triboelectric effects was developed using PVDF nanoparticles dispersed in a leaf-shaped structure [139]. PbTiO 3 and PZT are commonly used for piezoelectric energy harvesting.…”

Eggshell membrane and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene piezoelectric‐enhanced triboelectric bio‐nanogenerators for energy harvesting

“…Furthermore, hybrid nanogenerators were also found to have promising energy harvesting capabilities. Hence, many researchers have attempted to fabricate hybrid nanogenerators to harness synergy and improve output performance 26‐29 . In order to leverage the advantages of both piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators, the piezoelectric‐enhanced triboelectric bio‐nanogenerators (P‐TENGs) were proposed for efficient mechanical energy harvesting.…”