“…The three operational states of ICT-enabled grid services are established in the literature (cf. [31], [17], [20]) and are similar to the widely-used operational states of the power system (cf. Fig.…”
Section: Adaptions Of State Classificationmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…However, as already mentioned, certain disturbances can also impact the grid services, causing them (in the worst case) to fail [30]. To address this, the authors of [17,20] propose an operational state classification for each ICT-enabled grid service. Based on three properties of the ICT system, i.e., availability of components and data, timeliness of data transfer, and data correctness, the state of a grid service can be classified into normal, limited, or failed.…”
Section: Motivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These states are formalized in [17] and their benefits were demonstrated using simulations in [31]. However, the impact of data correctness on the state of ICT-enabled grid services is, however, not investigated because the ICT disturbances impacting the state are not considered.…”
Section: Motivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These states are further elaborated in Section 4. As shown in [17,20], the state of a grid service can be assessed using the following three properties.…”
Section: State Classification Of Ict-enabled Grid Servicesmentioning
Digitalization enables the automation required to operate modern cyber-physical energy systems (CPESs), leading to a shift from hierarchical to organic systems. However, digitalization increases the number of factors affecting the state of a CPES (e.g., software bugs and cyber threats). In addition to established factors like functional correctness, others like security become relevant but are yet to be integrated into an operational viewpoint, i.e. a holistic perspective on the system state. Trust in organic computing is an approach to gain a holistic view of the state of systems. It consists of several facets (e.g., functional correctness, security, and reliability), which can be used to assess the state of CPES. Therefore, a trust assessment on all levels can contribute to a coherent state assessment. This paper focuses on the trust in ICT-enabled grid services in a CPES. These are essential for operating the CPES, and their performance relies on various data aspects like availability, timeliness, and correctness. This paper proposes to assess the trust in involved components and data to estimate data correctness, which is crucial for grid services. The assessment is presented considering two exemplary grid services, namely state estimation and coordinated voltage control. Furthermore, the interpretation of different trust facets is also discussed.CCS Concepts: • Hardware → Smart grid; • Security and privacy → Trust frameworks.
“…The three operational states of ICT-enabled grid services are established in the literature (cf. [31], [17], [20]) and are similar to the widely-used operational states of the power system (cf. Fig.…”
Section: Adaptions Of State Classificationmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…However, as already mentioned, certain disturbances can also impact the grid services, causing them (in the worst case) to fail [30]. To address this, the authors of [17,20] propose an operational state classification for each ICT-enabled grid service. Based on three properties of the ICT system, i.e., availability of components and data, timeliness of data transfer, and data correctness, the state of a grid service can be classified into normal, limited, or failed.…”
Section: Motivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These states are formalized in [17] and their benefits were demonstrated using simulations in [31]. However, the impact of data correctness on the state of ICT-enabled grid services is, however, not investigated because the ICT disturbances impacting the state are not considered.…”
Section: Motivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These states are further elaborated in Section 4. As shown in [17,20], the state of a grid service can be assessed using the following three properties.…”
Section: State Classification Of Ict-enabled Grid Servicesmentioning
Digitalization enables the automation required to operate modern cyber-physical energy systems (CPESs), leading to a shift from hierarchical to organic systems. However, digitalization increases the number of factors affecting the state of a CPES (e.g., software bugs and cyber threats). In addition to established factors like functional correctness, others like security become relevant but are yet to be integrated into an operational viewpoint, i.e. a holistic perspective on the system state. Trust in organic computing is an approach to gain a holistic view of the state of systems. It consists of several facets (e.g., functional correctness, security, and reliability), which can be used to assess the state of CPES. Therefore, a trust assessment on all levels can contribute to a coherent state assessment. This paper focuses on the trust in ICT-enabled grid services in a CPES. These are essential for operating the CPES, and their performance relies on various data aspects like availability, timeliness, and correctness. This paper proposes to assess the trust in involved components and data to estimate data correctness, which is crucial for grid services. The assessment is presented considering two exemplary grid services, namely state estimation and coordinated voltage control. Furthermore, the interpretation of different trust facets is also discussed.CCS Concepts: • Hardware → Smart grid; • Security and privacy → Trust frameworks.
“…In [8], the operational states of the ICT-enabled grid services were introduced as a means to capture their performance in a generalized manner. The authors in [7], [23] discuss the operational state classification for two services, namely state estimation, and on-load tap changer control.…”
The ongoing changes in modern power systems towards increasingly decentralized systems render the coordination of generation assets and the corresponding dependency on Information and Communication Technology highly relevant. This work demonstrates the impact of three types of ICT errors, namely delayed data, data loss and data corruption, on the control of distributed energy resources in an active distribution network. The settling time of the active power response at the interconnection point between the distribution and transmission system is investigated in the simulations. Additionally, two fallback strategies to mitigate the impact of data loss are proposed and evaluated with regard to their impact on the controller's response. Finally, a generalized, aggregated service state description is proposed in order to capture the performance of the active distribution network service. It is meant to improve the interpretability of the results, which can be used to compare service designs and setups.
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