A Hybrid Integrated Light Source on a Silicon Platform Using a Trident Spot-Size Converter

Abstract

This paper reports a hybrid integrated light source fabricated on a Si platform using a spot-size converter (SSC) with a trident Si waveguide. Low-loss coupling for 1.55 μm and 1.3 μm wavelengths was achieved with merely the simple planar form of a Si waveguide with no use of complicated structures such as vertical tapers or an extra dielectric core overlaid on the waveguide. The coupling loss tolerance up to a 1 dB loss increase was larger than the accuracy of our passive alignment technology. The coupling efficiency was quite robust against manufacturing variations in the waveguide width compared with that of a conventional SSC with an inverse taper waveguide. A multi-channel light source with highly uniform output power and a high-temperature light source were fabricated with a 1.55 μm quantum well laser and a 1.3 μm quantum dot laser, respectively. The integration scheme we report can be used to fabricate light sources for high-density, multi-channel Si optical interposers.

Architectural Impacts of RFiop: RF to Address I/O Pad and Memory Controller Scalability

“…Moreover, a powersaving strategy is also considered by including either memory system and last level cache system for any type of applications. Finally, an investigation of the scalability of optical pads due to the significant advance of optical interposers [11] is planned.…”

“…Former solutions employ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and optical fibers to connect processor and memory through optical MCs and scalable optical-pins [10]. Still restricted in terms of development costs, optical transmission has advanced significantly in regards to temperature sensitiveness [11]. Instead, by sharing manufacturability with CMOS, RF shares its low costs, whilst remaining advantageous in terms of energy and millimeter-range delays when compared to optical transmission as reported in [12].…”

Bit error rate analysis of a silicon optical interposer using its equivalent circuit

“…The voltage amplitude after pre-emphasis is 3.3 V peak to peak. The silicon optical interposer consists of an arrayed laser diode [5,6,7], an optical modulator [8,9], optical waveguides, and a photodiode [10,11,12] The equivalent-circuit model of the silicon optical interposer is shown in Fig. 1(b).…”

Athermal silicon optical interposers with quantum dot lasers operating from 25 to 125°C

“…As the output power of conventional laser diodes (LDs) usually declines as temperature rises, the system particularly requires temperature-insensitive LDs. In the work reported in this Letter, we fabricated athermal silicon optical interposers integrated with quantum dot (QD) LDs [2,3], which have temperature-insensitive characteristics, and demonstrate their link performance over a wide temperature range.…”

“…4. Trident spot-size converters [3], 1 × 2 optical splitters, optical modulators, optical waveguides and PDs were monolithically integrated on a single silicon substrate, and an arrayed QD-LD chip was mounted on the substrate using the passive alignment technique. We carried out data link experiments with the fabricated athermal silicon optical interposers, which were put on a probe station under temperature control.…”