A hybrid experimental and numerical technique for evaluating residual strains/stresses in bonded lap joints

Hassan, Syed Fahad; Kundurthi, Saratchandra; Vattathurvalappil, Suhail Hyder; Cloud, Gary; Haq, Mahmoodul

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109216

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Rectangular samples of ABS polymer were tested in the DMA, at temperatures lower than 105°C (glass transition temperature of ABS) to ensure no phase transition was experienced during the testing [34]. A representative storage modulus curve for ABS at a frequency of 1 Hz is plotted in Figure 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of ABS Polymer under Low & Intermediate Strain Rates

vattathurvalappil¹,

Hassan²,

Haq³

2023

Recent Prog Mater

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Thermoplastics polymers like Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) are often reinforced with nano/micro reinforcements to enhance their mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. However, the viscoelastic nature of these polymers results in their strong dependence on the applied strain rate and temperature sensitivity, leading to their characterization complexity. Hence it is paramount to study the strain rate-dependent mechanics of neat ABS. In this study, the effect of strain rate and temperature on Young’s modulus of ABS polymer was characterized using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Storage modulus curves at various temperatures and frequencies were transformed into a representative master curve at a specific temperature using the time-temperature superposition (TTS) principle. Based on this curve‘s storage modulus and frequency relation, an empirical fit function was developed and the strain rate values were extrapolated. Using integral relations of viscoelasticity, the results were further transformed to a time domain relaxation function to extract the strain rate-sensitive Young’s modulus at different loading rates. This method was validated by comparing the data with tensile tests conducted on ABS coupons as per ASTM D638-14. The results were acceptable over a wide range of strain rates and indicated a clear sensitivity of ABS to strain rate and temperature. The strategy used in this work can be employed to study the effect of reinforcement morphology in ABS thermoplastics using DMA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of ABS Polymer under Low & Intermediate Strain Rates

vattathurvalappil¹,

Hassan²,

Haq³

2023

Recent Prog Mater

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“…For example, shape sensing of a beam-like composite structure [20], damage detection in composite wind turbines [21], multiparameter strain sensing of composites [22], hygrothermal degradation of single fbre composite [23], and health state assessment of composite laminates during manufacturing [24]. Furthermore, the small size of SMF makes it suitable for application to complex composite structures including cylinders [25], bonded lap joints [26], and CFRP plates with circular holes [27]. As the measurement results of SMFs are infuenced by both mechanical and thermal loads, many studies have been conducted on temperature compensation to improve strain measurement accuracy [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have validated the FO sensors for strain measurement under quasistatic loading [26,28,32]. However, the operational conditions of aircraft results in low-frequency vibration in-service in which the SMF sensors will also be exposed to.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of Distributed Strain Sensing with Single-Mode Fibre in Composite Laminates under Thermal and Vibration Loads

Khodaei

2023

Structural Control and Health Monitoring

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In this work, the strain measurement accuracy of single-mode fibre (SMF) under thermal and vibration loads is investigated by strain-frequency shift coefficient analyses. This research allows for the application of SMF sensors for structural health monitoring in real operational conditions. The strain measurement accuracy under combined static and thermal load is investigated experimentally, which demonstrated that temperature fluctuations induce non-negligible errors in the strain measurement, even with temperature compensation applied. The temperature fluctuation range which can induce measurement errors is quantified as less than −20 ° C or higher than 55 ° C. In addition, a fatigue experiment is conducted to investigate the measurement accuracy under low-frequency vibration load. The results of the fatigue experiment demonstrate that the vibrations mainly increase the ratio of null values in strain measurements. Findings from experiments can be applied to enhance structural health monitoring accuracy and reduce false positives. This study has important implications for the service application of distributed optical fibre sensing for composite structure health monitoring.

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“…[20][21][22] However, recent attempts have been made to use high-performance thermoplastic-based adhesives, which offer low cost and rapid production potential. [23][24][25][26][27] In this context, the use of recyclable elium resin as an adhesive that does not require high curing temperatures is seen as a potential breakthrough for the production of reparable and/or non-permanent joints. In this study, the use of recyclable elium thermoplastic adhesives, which could be a good alternative to traditional epoxy thermoset adhesives, was investigated as a bonding component in composite structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural adhesive bonding applications typically use thermoset adhesives due to their superior mechanical properties 20–22 . However, recent attempts have been made to use high‐performance thermoplastic‐based adhesives, which offer low cost and rapid production potential 23–27 . In this context, the use of recyclable elium resin as an adhesive that does not require high curing temperatures is seen as a potential breakthrough for the production of reparable and/or non‐permanent joints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of thermoplastic and thermoset adhesives performance and the influence on failure analysis in jointed elium‐based composite structures

Kaybal,

Ulus

2023

Polymer Composites

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The preference for thermoplastic composites over thermoset ones is steadily growing, especially in constructing resilient, lightweight, and fuel‐efficient structures in industrial settings due to their recyclability and superior energy absorption. Elium®, an acrylic‐based thermoplastic resin, offers enhanced stiffness and improved toughness at room temperature. Investigation into elium‐based composites with diverse fiber reinforcements has revealed elium's potential as an alternative to traditional thermoset epoxy resins. This study explores recyclable elium resin as an adhesive for creating curable and non‐permanent joints in various elium‐based composites. Various joining techniques, including adhesive bonding, mechanical joints, and hybrid bolted/bonded connections, were assessed, with hybrid bonded/bolted (HBB) joints emerging as a preferred solution for structures requiring higher load‐carrying capacity. The study's results indicate that, when using elium adhesive, elium‐hybrid bolted/bonded (HBB) joints demonstrate superior mechanical strength compared to their epoxy counterparts, resulting in improved toughness and stiffness values for each type of composite material. In addition, the research demonstrates superior load‐bearing strengths in bonded glass/elium composite joints using elium adhesive compared to bolted joints, with HBB joints featuring elium adhesive displaying even higher load‐bearing strengths. This research highlights the potential of elium‐based composites and adhesives in various industrial applications, enabling the production of lightweight, robust structures with exceptional damage tolerance.Highlights Investigates recyclable elium resin for curable and non‐permanent joints. Elium‐based composites offer lightweight, robust, and damage‐tolerant structures. Elium HBB joints demonstrate superior strength. FTIR analysis reveals distinct chemical signatures and bonding characteristics. Elium adhesive enhances bond strength.

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A hybrid experimental and numerical technique for evaluating residual strains/stresses in bonded lap joints

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Mechanics of ABS Polymer under Low & Intermediate Strain Rates

Mechanics of ABS Polymer under Low & Intermediate Strain Rates

Accuracy of Distributed Strain Sensing with Single-Mode Fibre in Composite Laminates under Thermal and Vibration Loads

Comparative analysis of thermoplastic and thermoset adhesives performance and the influence on failure analysis in jointed elium‐based composite structures

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