A holistic study to understand the detoxification of mycotoxins in maize and impact on its molecular integrity using cold atmospheric plasma treatment

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma‐assisted removal of aflatoxin B1 from contaminated corn kernels

“…Global composition of the maize was examined with the UPLC‐qTOF method after the exposure to a pulsed DBD jet with the mixture of helium and a small percentage of O 2 as a carrier gas, resulting in substantial changes of the small molecular mass components of the matrix. [ 18 ] In another study, Los et al [ 33 ] compared the effects of the direct and indirect air DBD CAP treatment on the wheat grain, leading to the conclusion that indirect CAP exposure did not affect the hydrophobicity of the wheat grain surface, which agrees with the findings presented in this study.…”

“…Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with a mixture of N 2 and O 2 as a carrier gas was used for decontamination of AFs on hazelnuts, achieving 70% of decontamination of AFB 1 after a 12‐min treatment with plasma operated at 1000 W. [ 16 ] An 88% removal of AFB 1 on corn was observed after being exposed to indirect ambient air CAP treatment for 30 min, which was created with a high‐voltage DBD system. [ 17 ] Wielogorska et al [ 18 ] exposed the AFB 1 ‐ and fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 )‐contaminated corn kernels to plasma jet at a voltage of 6 kV and a continuous frequency of 20 kHz using a mixture of helium and O 2 as an operating gas. Up to 66% decontamination was achieved after 10 min of treatment for both AFB 1 and FB 1 .…”

A review on novel non‐thermal food processing techniques for mycotoxin reduction

“…Energy dissipated in the discharge gap was assumed to have induced chemical reactions with reactive species such as O, O 3 , OH and NO x and/or decomposition of the toxins after collision with ions and electrons, leading to cleavage of molecular bonds (Ten Bosch et al, 2017). Likewise, a 100% AFB 1 and FB 1 reduction in pure mycotoxin standards and 65% AFB 1 as well as 64% FB 1 reduction were recorded in maize (Wielogorska et al ., 2019), with degradation products reported. Observations from this study confirmed the formation of up to six new novel compounds during plasma treatment.…”

Application of Novel Non-Thermal Physical Technologies to Degrade Mycotoxins

“…As for the last-mentioned item, NTP has big potential to reduce the volume of mycotoxins by both fungi reduction and mycotoxins degradation with high potential for practical applications during the whole food production chain. The most recent studies [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ] suggest practical applications of NTP to degrade mycotoxins on roasted coffee, hazelnuts, maize, and rice. The list of these studies can be found in Table 1 .…”