A historical analysis of the drivers of loss and degradation of Indonesia’s mangroves

Ilman, Muhammad; Dargusch, Paul; Dart, P. J.; Onrizal, Onrizal

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.03.010

Cited by 230 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Reanalyzing some mangrove sites in Indonesia found that eastern Indonesia mangrove forest had higher mean tree diameter and lower density (Dharmawan and Pramudji, 2017). Rapid coastal development and high anthropogenic in western Indonesia triggered mangrove area and quality declining (Ilman et al, 2016). Diameter size was related to the age of plant individually.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pristine Mangrove Community in Wondama Gulf, West Papua, Indonesia

Dharmawan

Widyastuti

2017

Mar. Res. Indonesia

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Papua shoreline has been considered as the most extensive mangrove area in Indonesia and great size of their trees. It implies that the forest could be a perfect habitat for biota food web due to its high productivity. Wondama mangrove, part of Cendrawasih National Park -West Papua, had a promising mangrove forest to be discovered. Nevertheless, the forest was rarely studied due to limited access and costly, so that the scientific data was difficult to be found scientifically. A preliminary study was carried out to identify the condition of mangrove in this area. The objectives of this study was to analyze mangrove community health and structure. Canopy coverage and vegetation structure data were collected from 107 circular plots included three plot areas (radian: 5 m, 2.5 m and 1 m) which were distributed to determine three plant classes i.e. tree, sapling and seedling, respectively. Present study showed that Wondama mangrove is a pristine mangrove community. It had large size of tree trunk diameter by 19.77± 6.55 cm averagely. Its diameter size affected on low tree density which was less than 1000 tree/ha. Those two parameters were strongly negative-correlated each other. On the other hand, community canopy was highly covered mangrove area by 82.46±6.43%. Rhizophora has mostly dominated in the forest. Mangrove regeneration in Wondama was excellent referring to density and species composition of sapling-seedling levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slightly sloped and wide coastal geomorphology, large number of wide estuarine and tropical condition provide appropriated environment for mangrove distribution. In addition, Papua mangrove has a low anthropogenic pressure which is implied by low degradation rate of mangrove area in Papua until 2012 (Ilman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pristine Mangrove Community in Wondama Gulf, West Papua, Indonesia

Dharmawan

Widyastuti

2017

Mar. Res. Indonesia

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“…This has caused shifts in the nature and the scale of regional deforestation and causes plantations to becoming larger and increases the overall proportion of ownership which is under large corporations. These corporations are also capable of using political influences to secure concessions for rubber and oil palm within areas classed as protected areas (Global witness 2013, Ilman et al 2016, http://www.globalforestwatch.org/ country/IDN). Furthermore, despite originating in South America, rubber is officially considered as a forest species in a number of SE Asian countries, and thus, plantation coverage is used toward national forest coverage goals within the UNFCC, Kyoto protocol, and GSF Frameworks (Bagri et al 1999, Dang 2012) and masks the alarming loss of forest across Asia with ever increasing expanses of monocultural plantation (Xu 2011).…”

Section: Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the drivers ofSoutheastAsian biodiversity loss

2017

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Abstract. Southeast Asia (SE Asia) is a known global hotspot of biodiversity and endemism, yet the region is also one of the most biotically threatened. Ecosystems across the region are threatened by an array of drivers, each of which increases the probability of extinction of species in a variety of ecosystems. These issues are symptomatic of the issues that face the global tropics; however, with around 4 billion people in the wider region and the associated pressures on biodiversity, this region may be under some of the greatest levels of biotic threat. Deforestation rates in SE Asia are some of the highest globally, additionally it has the highest rate of mining in the tropics, around the greatest number of hydropower dams under construction, and a consumption of species for traditional medicines which is a threat to biodiversity globally. In this review, the greatest threats to regional biodiversity in the SE Asian region are discussed. Tree-plantations and deforestation represent one of the most imminent threats, and some countries have already lost over half their original forest cover (i.e., the Philippines, parts of Indonesia), with projections of as much as 98% loss for some regions in the coming decade. Hunting and trade represent a significant threat as demand stems not only for food, but also for medicine, for ornamentation, and as a status symbol. Mining represents a frequently overlooked threat, as the Asian region is one of the greatest exporters of limestone and various minerals globally, and the cost of this to biodiversity is not only through the direct loss of areas for mines, but also through the development of roads that further fragment the landscape, the leakage of heavy metals, and the destruction of limestone karsts, which represent global endemicity hotspots. Reservoir construction, wetland drainage, fires, pollution, invasive species, disease, and finally climate change are also considered. Once each issue has been discussed, the overall prognosis of regional biodiversity and priority actions to protect SE Asian biodiversity in the future is discussed.

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“…Mangrove forests are extremely important coastal resources, which are vital to our development (Tomlison 1986;Goudkamp and June 2006;Ghost 2011). Mangrove is one of the most threatened ecosystems all over the world today due to direct and indirect degradation (Duke et al 2007;Kathiresan et al 2010;Donato et al 2011), including in Indonesia (Ilman et al 2016)…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Sarno, Suwignyo RA, Dahlan Z, Munandar, Ridho MR, Aminasih N, Harmida, Armanto ME, Wildayana E. 2017. Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra,. The ecosystem of mangrove forms the largest portion of the habitat in Berbak and Sembilang National Park (BSNP), Banyuasin District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which is the largest mangrove area in the western part of Indonesia. There is a tendency that the mangrove condition in this area is gradually degrading over time. The main causes of mangrove destructions are both natural and human factors. The destructions of mangrove in BSNP directed by human are more than natural factors, for axample, land use conversion from wildland into cultivated land, the making of ponds, especially along Banyuasin Peninsula. The information on the observation of mangrove phenology is very important for sustainable mangrove management. The observation of mangrove phenology in the restoration area of BSNP is intended to study the natural stages of growth and reproductive development of Sonneratia alba J. Smith, the local name is Padada. The observation is done by means of tagging methods. Monitoring is conducted periodically from the flowering time until the fruit was ripe. The phenology of Sonneratia alba takes about three months from the beginning of flowering until the fruit was ripe.

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A historical analysis of the drivers of loss and degradation of Indonesia’s mangroves

Cited by 230 publications

References 25 publications

Pristine Mangrove Community in Wondama Gulf, West Papua, Indonesia

Pristine Mangrove Community in Wondama Gulf, West Papua, Indonesia

Understanding the drivers ofSoutheastAsian biodiversity loss

Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia

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