A Hierarchical Unequal Packet Loss Protection Scheme for Robust H.264/AVC Transmission

Zhang, Xingjun; Peng, Xiaohong; Wu, Dehao; Porter, T.; Haywood, Richard

doi:10.1109/ccnc.2009.4784996

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Data partitioning posed by video encoders (e.g., separation of header data, intra-picture predicted macroblocks), and inter-picture predicted macroblocks) may be used as an importance measure [102,103]. The bitrate of the encoded video frames or slices can also be used as an importance measure [97,98,101]. For example, the larger video frame contains more information and is considered more important.…”

Section: Qoe In Error-prone Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UEP provides different levels of protections to video packets according to a specific importance measure. A basic importance measure of a video packet is the position of the packet in the layer dependency structure, i.e., a reference picture is more important than a dependent picture [101]. Data partitioning posed by video encoders (e.g., separation of header data, intra-picture predicted macroblocks), and inter-picture predicted macroblocks) may be used as an importance measure [102,103].…”

Section: Qoe In Error-prone Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QoE in video streaming over wireless networks: perspectives and research challenges

Bai

et al. 2015

Wireless Netw

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The deployment of 3G/LTE networks and advancements in smart mobile devices had led to high demand for multimedia streaming over wireless network. The rapid increasing demand for multimedia content poses challenges for all parties in a multimedia streaming system, namely, content providers, wireless network service providers, and smart device makers. Content providers and mobile network service providers are both striving to improve their streaming services while utilizing advancing technologies. Smart device makers endeavor to improve processing power and displays for better viewing experience. Ultimately, the common goal shared by content providers, network service providers, and smart device manufactures is to improve the QoE for users. QoE is both an objective and a subjective metric measuring the streaming quality experience by end users. It may be measured by streaming bitrate, playback smoothness, video quality metrics like Peak to Signal Noise Ratio, and other user satisfaction factors. There have been efforts made to improve the streaming experiences in all these aspects. In this paper, we conducted a survey on existing literatures on QoE of video streaming to gain a deeper and more complete understanding of QoE quality metrics. The goal is to inspire new research directions in defining better QoE and improving QoE in existing and new streaming services such as adaptive streaming and 3D video streaming.

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Section: Qoe In Error-prone Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qoe In Error-prone Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

QoE in video streaming over wireless networks: perspectives and research challenges

Bai

et al. 2015

Wireless Netw

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“…The third and most important issue is how to effectively use network resources, which is very important to improve transmission efficiency. The redundant packets generated by forward error correction (FEC) will increase the network load which is the waste of network bandwidth, although the system reliability can be improved [3]. More recently, network coding (NC) [4] breaks through the traditional mode, which allows packets to be combined together at intermediate nodes, and has been proved to have the ability to improve throughput, reliability etc [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R^2NC: Redundant and Random Network Coding for H.264/SVC Transmission

Jing

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2011

2011 14th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems

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Abstract-In this paper we are interested in improving the performance of constructive network coding schemes for video transmission over packet lossy networks. A novel unequal packet loss protection scheme 2 NC based on low-triangular global coding matrix with ladder-shaped partition will be presented, which combines redundant and random network coding for robust H.264/SVC video transmission. Firstly, the error-correcting capabilities of redundant network coding make our scheme resilient to loss. Secondly, the implementation of random network coding at the intermediate nodes with multiple input links can reduce the cost of network bandwidth, thus reducing the endto-end delay for video transmission. Thirdly, the low-triangular global coding matrix with ladder-shaped partition is maintained throughout 2 NC process to provide unequal erasure protection for H.264/SVC priority layers. The redundant network coding avoids the retransmission of lost packets and improves errorcorrecting capabilities of lost packets. Based only on the knowledge of the loss rates on the output links, the source node and intermediate nodes can make decisions for redundant network coding and random network coding (i.e.,how much redundancy to add at this node). However, the redundancy caused by redundant network coding makes the network load increases; in order to improve network throughput, we perform random network coding at the intermediate nodes. Our approach is grounded on the overall distortion of reconstructed video minimization by optimizing the amount of redundancy assigned to each layer. Experimental results are shown to demonstrate the significant improvement of H.264/SVC video reconstruction quality with 2 NC over packet lossy networks. Index Terms-Network coding, scalable video coding, unequal error protection.

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“…In general, the more classified levels used, the more delicate unequal protection achieved [24]. The system assembles the classified packets into different blocks of packets (BOP) to implement R 2 NC across packets.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Redundant and Random Network Coding for Robust Video Transmission over Lossy Networks

Zhang

Jing

Tang

et al. 2012

Mobile Information Systems

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Abstract. In this paper a novel unequal packet loss protection scheme R2NC based on low-triangular global coding matrix with ladder-shaped partition is presented, which combines redundant and random network coding for robust H.264/SVC video transmission. Firstly, the error-correcting capabilities of redundant network coding make our scheme resilient to loss. Secondly, the implementation of random network coding at the intermediate nodes with multiple input links can reduce the cost of network bandwidth, thus reducing the end-to-end delay for video transmission. Thirdly, the low-triangular global coding matrix with ladder-shaped partition is maintained throughout the R2NC processes to reduce the impact of global coding matrix's rank deficiency on video transmission and provide unequal erasure protection for H.264/SVC priority layers. The redundant network coding avoids the retransmission of lost packets and improves error-correcting capabilities of lost packets. Based only on the knowledge of the packet loss rates on the output links, the source node and intermediate nodes can make decisions for redundant network coding and random network coding (i.e., how much redundancy to add at this node). However, the redundancy caused by redundant network coding makes the network load increases. In order to improve network throughput, we performed random network coding at the intermediate nodes. Our approach is grounded on the overall distortion of reconstructed video minimization by optimizing the amount of redundancy assigned to each layer. The convex optimization model is constructed under the constraint of network coding and scalable video coding. Experimental results are shown to demonstrate the significant improvement of H.264/SVC video reconstruction quality with R2NC over packet lossy networks.

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A Hierarchical Unequal Packet Loss Protection Scheme for Robust H.264/AVC Transmission

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

QoE in video streaming over wireless networks: perspectives and research challenges

QoE in video streaming over wireless networks: perspectives and research challenges

R^2NC: Redundant and Random Network Coding for H.264/SVC Transmission

Joint Redundant and Random Network Coding for Robust Video Transmission over Lossy Networks

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