A Hemolysin Associated With the Mumps Virus

Morgan, Herbert R.; Enders, John F.; Wagley, Philip F.

doi:10.1084/jem.88.5.503

Cited by 44 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Also, the haemolytic assays with these strains suggest that EDS-76 virus does not possess the ability to haemolyse red cells like members of the paramyxovirus group (Morgan et at., 1948). Baxendale (1978a) first reported the experimental reproduction of the egg drop syndrome (1976) using the BC14 strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on EDS‐76 virus infection in laying chickens

Darbyshire¹,

Peters²

1980

Avian Pathology

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A new strain (D61) of EDS-76 virus associated with an egg-drop syndrome in chickens was compared by neutralisation and haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests with two recognised strains (127, BC14). All three strains were serologically indistinguishable. Each strain lacked any demonstrable ability to lyse the red cells of chickens or ducks. To investigate its pathogenicity and immunogenicity, chickens of different ages were inoculated with the D61 strain per os. All birds produced eggs with aberrant shells in varying numbers, but internal quality was not affected. There were no other constitutional effects and no obvious clinical signs throughout. Fertility and hatchability remained unaffected. At 19 weeks, onset of laying was delayed by 9 days, and total daily egg production was eventually 15 to 20% lower than that of uninfected controls of the same age. The total daily egg production of older chickens was unaltered, except for approximately 2 weeks after infection at 26 weeks of age and for 5 weeks at 47 weeks of age. The highest number of eggs with abnormal shells was laid by chickens infected at 33 weeks (up to 38%) or 47 weeks of age (up to 40%). Infective virus was successfully recovered from the livers of chicks immediately after hatching from eggs laid by hens 7 to 11 days following infection. Neutralising, HI and precipitating antibodies developed within 6 days of infection, and were associated with the IgG class of immunoglobulins. Chicks hatched from eggs of infected hens possessed maternal antibodies with a half-life of 3 days; these antibodies conferred a passive immunity to challenge for approximately the first 4 weeks of life, based on the evidence of HI responses after challenge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on EDS‐76 virus infection in laying chickens

Darbyshire¹,

Peters²

1980

Avian Pathology

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“…The infection of cells by MuV is initiated by the binding of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein (HN), a type II mem-brane protein, to sialic acids of cell surface macromolecules (10). MuV has been shown to bind to erythrocytes from different mammalian and avian species (11)(12)(13)(14)(15), but the binding activity of MuV HN has not been studied in detail. Sialic acids present in ␣2-3, ␣2-6, and/or ␣2-8 linkages may serve as receptor determinants for MuV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional Properties and Genetic Relatedness of the Fusion and Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Proteins of a Mumps Virus-Like Bat Virus

Krüger

Hoffmann

Drexler

et al. 2015

J Virol

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A bat virus with high phylogenetic relatedness to human mumps virus (MuV) was identified recently at the nucleic acid level. We analyzed the functional activities of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and the fusion (F) proteins of the bat virus (batMuV) and compared them to the respective proteins of a human isolate. Transfected cells expressing the F and HN proteins of batMuV were recognized by antibodies directed against these proteins of human MuV, indicating that both viruses are serologically related. Fusion, hemadsorption, and neuraminidase activities were demonstrated for batMuV, and either bat-derived protein could substitute for its human MuV counterpart in inducing syncytium formation when coexpressed in different mammalian cell lines, including chiropteran cells. Cells expressing batMuV glycoproteins were shown to have lower neuraminidase activity. The syncytia were smaller, and they were present in lower numbers than those observed after coexpression of the corresponding glycoproteins of a clinical isolate of MuV (hMuV). The phenotypic differences in the neuraminidase and fusion activity between the glycoproteins of batMuV and hMuV are explained by differences in the expression level of the HN and F proteins of the two viruses. In the case of the F protein, analysis of chimeric proteins revealed that the signal peptide of the bat MuV fusion protein is responsible for the lower surface expression. These results indicate that the surface glycoproteins of batMuV are serologically and functionally related to those of hMuV, raising the possibility of bats as a reservoir for interspecies transmission. IMPORTANCEThe recently described MuV-like bat virus is unique among other recently identified human-like bat-associated viruses because of its high sequence homology (approximately 90% in most genes) to its human counterpart. Although it is not known if humans can be infected by batMuV, the antigenic relatedness between the bat and human forms of the virus suggests that humans carrying neutralizing antibodies against MuV are protected from infection by batMuV. The close functional relationship between MuV and batMuV is demonstrated by cooperation of the respective HN and F proteins to induce syncytium formation in heterologous expression studies. An interesting feature of the glycoproteins of batMuV is the downregulation of the fusion activity by the signal peptide of F, which has not been reported for other paramyxoviruses. These results are important contributions for risk assessment and for a better understanding of the replication strategy of batMuV.

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“…This is a novel serologic reaction, which, on further analysis, may provide more insight into the mechanisms of serologic hemolysis. It is possible that this phenomenon is related, at least in principle, to the leucocytolytic effect of a combination of tuberculin, a component of the euglobulin fraction of tuberculous sera and complement, as described by Favour and his associates (9,10).4 4 It is apparently unrelated to the recently described lysis of red cells by viruses which can occur in the absence of complement and is inhibited by specific antibody against a component of the virus particle (11,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Hemolytic Modification of the Hemagglutination Test for Antibodies Against Tubercle Bacillus Antigens

Middlebrook¹

1950

J. Clin. Invest.

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A Hemolysin Associated With the Mumps Virus

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Studies on EDS‐76 virus infection in laying chickens

Studies on EDS‐76 virus infection in laying chickens

Functional Properties and Genetic Relatedness of the Fusion and Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Proteins of a Mumps Virus-Like Bat Virus

A Hemolytic Modification of the Hemagglutination Test for Antibodies Against Tubercle Bacillus Antigens

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