A heavy metal monitoring-programme in Denmark

Multivariate geostatistical analysis of heavy metals in topsoils from Beijing, China

“…National investigation of soil heavy metals have been conducted in China (CNEMC 1990), USA (Holmgren et al 1993), Denmark (Bak et al 1997) and Norway (Steinnes et al 1997) for the purposes of background information. Differences caused by soil texture, geological origin and anthropogenic sources of heavy metals results in spatial variability (Bak et al 1997), which increases the difficulty of this research and makes it necessary to conduct the surveys in different areas.…”

“…National investigation of soil heavy metals have been conducted in China (CNEMC 1990), USA (Holmgren et al 1993), Denmark (Bak et al 1997) and Norway (Steinnes et al 1997) for the purposes of background information. Differences caused by soil texture, geological origin and anthropogenic sources of heavy metals results in spatial variability (Bak et al 1997), which increases the difficulty of this research and makes it necessary to conduct the surveys in different areas. However, since soil samples were distinct, it is essential to illustrate the data and assess potential environmental hazard in the form of raster maps depicting the regional geochemical distribution of pollutants by spatial interpolation (Li et al 2006, Hanesch 2001.…”

Geostatistical analyses and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland

“…McGrath and Loveland, 1992;Holmgren et al, 1993;Bak et al, 1997) and also in urban and industrial areas (e.g., Davies, 1983;Cullbard et al, 1988;Pouyat and McDonnell, 1991). These surveys have served to quantify levels in different situations and have produced an understanding of background and anthropogenic sources for metals in soils (Zhang et al, 1999;Vreca et al, 2001).…”

Niveles de fondo geoquímico e influencia del marco geológico en las concentraciones edafogeoquímicas de base de suelos seleccionados de Castilla-La Mancha

“…Según Bak et al (1997) pocos países cuentan con información detallada sobre el contenido de metales pesados de las zonas contaminadas. Pero se han realizado numerosos esfuerzos en identificar los niveles de base, antes y después de la contaminación de origen antropogénico (Thornton, 1981;Fleischhauer & Korte, 1990;Mckeague & Wolynetz, 1997;Lee et al, 1997;Ma et al, 1997;Del Castillo et al, 2003;Nsouli et al, 2004;etc.…”