A Health Study of Employees Exposed to Vinylidene Chloride

Mg, Ott; Wa, Fishbeck; Jc, Townsend; Ej, Schneider

doi:10.1097/00043764-197611000-00009

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Other co-contaminants at noteworthy concentrations were dichloromethane, xylene, and toluene, Although only measured once in the period 1955-70, dichloromethane was known to be a component in a releasing agent used in the production of GRP in Denmark in 1964 [Fallentin, 19641 and has until recently been reported as [Anon., 19891. Dichlorornethane is a potential confounder because there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of this compound to experimental animals [IARC, 1986bl. The evidence from epidemiology is inadequate, but if this compound is carcinogenic to humans, the published studies do not point to the haematopoietic system, but to the pancreas, as the possible target organ in humans [Ott et al 1983;Ott et al 1985;Hearne et al 19871. For what purpose xylene and toluene have been used is not obvious.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposures to styrene in denmark 1955‐88

Jensen

Breum

Bacher

et al. 1990

American J Industrial Med

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An assessment of the occupational exposure to styrene and associated chemicals in Denmark was carried out by retrieving all measurements from the archives of the Danish National Institute of Occupational Health. A total of 2,528 air samples containing styrene had been collected from 256 workplaces during the years 1955-88 and analyzed by the chemical laboratory at the Institute. The mean for all samples was 265 mg/m3. The concentration decreased from 714 mg/m3 in the early period (1955-70) to 172 mg/m3 in the late period (1981-88). Spraying and unspecified lay-up and production of boats, carriages, and stationary containers were associated with the highest concentration. A total of 34 chemicals were measured. The most frequent co-contaminant to styrene was acetone, which was measured in 2,263 samples with a mean concentration of 131 mg/m3. Dichloromethane was measured in 208 samples with a mean concentration of 51 mg/m3, xylene in 148 samples with a mean concentration of 49 mg/m3, and toluene in 116 samples with a mean concentration of 113 mg/m3. The study was undertaken to analyze historical styrene concentrations in air to aid in the selection of industrial cohorts to be included in epidemiologic studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposures to styrene in denmark 1955‐88

Jensen

Breum

Bacher

et al. 1990

American J Industrial Med

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“…The power of each study was determined by using the expected number of cancer deaths generated by the respective comparison population rate. The power to detect a 50% increase in total cancer mortality for the entire cohort ranges from 0.12, as shown for the VDC study of Ott et al, (11) to 0.52 for the Enterline study of ECH (8) 3.4 for the total cohort and 25.0 for the high exposure subcohort. As stated by OSHA (7), the group of exposed subjects must be large enough to permit detection at least a 50% increase in site-specific cancer incidence in comparison to the control population.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Review of epidemiologic study results of vinyl chloride-related compounds.

Apfeldorf¹,

Infante²

1981

Environ Health Perspect

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Epidemiologic study results addressing the carcinogenicity of six compounds related to vinyl chloride (vinylidene chloride, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dibromide and epichlorohydrin) are reviewed.The study results suggest an increased carcinogenic risk among workers exposed to epichlorohydrin and to dry cleaning and degreasing solvents. Although several studies report no significant excess of cancer mortality, an evaluation of the design of these investigations demonstrates that these negative cohort studies consisted of populations of insufficient sample size and latency to permit any meaningful conclusions regarding carcinogenic risk. Therefore, experimental studies must be relied upon to determine whether several of these substances pose a potential carcinogenic risk to humans. Available evidence indicates that all of these substances have demonstrated a carcinogenic response in experimental animals and most are mutagenic in experimental test systems.

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“…Certain aspects of the reported carcinogenicity of VDC appear to be conflicting and indicate sex, species, and strain specificity. Exposure of mice to 55 ppm of VDC (6 hoursj day and 5 daysj week) caused a few acute deaths and a few hepatic hemangiosarcomas ; but investigation of the cancer risk among 138 workers exposed to VDC (where VCM was not used) revealed no finding statistically related or individually attributable to VDC exposure (Ott et al, 1976).…”

Section: Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, and Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants

Kirsch‐Volders¹

1984

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A Health Study of Employees Exposed to Vinylidene Chloride

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Occupational exposures to styrene in denmark 1955‐88

Occupational exposures to styrene in denmark 1955‐88

Review of epidemiologic study results of vinyl chloride-related compounds.

Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, and Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants

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