A handy calibrator for color vision of a human observer

Morvan, Patrick; Sarkar, Abhijit; Stauder, Jürgen; Bouchet, L.; Kervec, Jonathan

doi:10.1109/icme.2011.6012090

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A color matching experiment was designed using a device originally developed by Sarkar et al . Photographs and schematic views of the device are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Asano

Fairchild

Bouchet

et al. 2015

Color Research & Application

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Human color vision differs from person to person, not only when color deficiencies occur but also within color‐normal populations. Investigating individual variability in normal color vision is beneficial both for clinical purposes and for quantifying observer metamerism. Researchers have used color matches such as Rayleigh matches, Moreland matches, the D&H color rule, and various combinations of different media for such investigations. However, none of them were originally aimed at investigating the interobserver variability in color‐normal populations, but rather were aimed at screening for color‐deficiencies. The objective of this study was, therefore, to design and carry out a color matching experiment where observer variability appeared as large as possible to detect the interobserver differences in the color‐normal population. Color matching was simulated under different combinations of reference spectrum and matching primaries using ColorChecker patches, different display/projector primaries, and the Stiles and Burch 49 observers. The simulation results showed: (1) The choice of spectra for the matching primaries had a significant effect on observer variability, (2) observer variability was large for near‐neutral reference colors, and (3) observer variability in the lightness direction was small relative to chromatic variability. The color matching experiment highlighting interobserver variability was designed based on these three findings and carried out for 61 color‐normal observers. Typical interobserver variability was 9.2 mean color difference from the mean (MCDM) using CIEDE2000 (spanning about 40 CIELAB units), which was much larger than any previous experiment. The obtained color matching data are useful for derivation, validation, and analysis of color matching functions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 530–539, 2016

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“…A color matching experiment was designed using a device originally developed by Sarkar et al . Photographs and schematic views of the device are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Asano

Fairchild

Bouchet

et al. 2015

Color Research & Application

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These discrepancies underscore the need for characterising individual differences in observers' CMFs. Several authors have developed apparatus and methods to classify observers into categories [3,[5][6][7][8][9]. However, most of these methods rely heavily on estimations, and direct measurements of individual observers' CMFs is often avoided, as it is a laborious endeavour that requires special hardware [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparatus and Method for Measuring Individual Colour-Matching Functions

Ragoo,

Farup,

Wold

2024

Preprint

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This article presents a compact colorimeter for the purpose of measuring colour-matching functions (CMFs) of individual observers through psychophysical experiments. Constructed from 3D-printed parts, optical elements, and LED-based light engines, the colorimeter facilitates the juxtaposition of two fields to create a bipartite field. The system underwent characterisation to evaluate factors that may impact colour-matching experiments, such as LED-light stability, spatial homogeneity of the bipartite field, and potential stray light leakage. A pilot study involved three observers in a maximum saturation-type colour-matching experiment. Using near-spectral lights with peak wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 720 nm as test lights, observers were tasked with adjusting the intensities of three instrumental reference lights, produced by red, green, and blue LEDs, to achieve a colour match between the two juxtaposed fields. When a match was reached, the spectral radiance of each light-emitting half-field was measured. The difference between the two spectral distributions was obtained, and the tristimulus values for the latter were computed through least-squares estimation. The study aimed to assess the accuracy and performance of the system in measuring individual observer CMFs. Results indicate that the system is stable enough to measure intra-observer variations in CMFs. Through statistical analysis, regions where there are significant inter-observer differences in CMFs become apparent. Furthermore, the measured CMFs were compared with the Stiles and Burch 1955 2° CMFs, after being transformed to the same reference colour stimuli basis. While the measured CMFs exhibited comparable characteristics to those of the Stiles and Burch 1955 CMFs, a significant shift in the function referring to the short-wavelength reference colour stimulus was observed. This discrepancy may be attributed to age-related yellowing of the lens, as the average age of our observers is much higher than that of the Stiles and Burch 1955 study.

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“…In 2010 and 2011, SARKAR et al [10,11] proposed different observers' categories by using a cluster analysis method, starting from 47 individual CMFs from STILES and BURCH [12] and 61 CMFs from CIEPO06. In a test experiment, 47 human observers were classified into nine categories (including the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer as one category) [13], requiring further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of viewing conditions on cross-media color matching

Huang¹,

He²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

Optica Applicata

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We investigated observer metamerism under a variety of viewing conditions, in a set of color-matching experiments using displays and printed color samples under specific light sources. A selection was made of light sources with different illuminances, spectral power distributions, and correlated color temperatures, as well as displays with different sets of primaries. A panel of 157 observers with normal color vision and ages between 20 and 59 years old performed 5465 visual color matches around 9 different color centers. The results from the simulated and real experiments were quite different. Specifically, the mean color difference from the mean changed with experimental viewing conditions, ranging from 0.73 to 1.64 CIELAB units (average 0.99 CIELAB units) in simulated experiments, and from 3.12 to 4.03 CIELAB units (average 3.55 CIELAB units) in real experiments. In real experiments, observers' variability reduced for light sources with high illuminance and high correlated color temperature. Spectral power distributions affected observer metamerism, but the role played by the primaries of the two displays employed was unclear.

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A handy calibrator for color vision of a human observer

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Apparatus and Method for Measuring Individual Colour-Matching Functions

Influence of viewing conditions on cross-media color matching

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