2014
DOI: 10.1021/ed4003783
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A Hands-On Activity Incorporating the Threefold Representation on Limiting Reactant

Abstract: Many students share the common belief that the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction is the reactant in the smallest quantity of material. To help students overcome this difficulty a hands-on activity for the limiting reactant concept was developed. The activity incorporates the three levels of representation (macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic) and allows students to make connections among them by directly working at three stations. Each station incorporates one level of representation allowing stud… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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References 17 publications
(21 reference statements)
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“…Including the normalized gain scores of 3 levels of system thinking, which include analysis of components, synthesis of components, and implementation, are indicated at a low level, high level, and medium level, respectively, that can answer the research question, which is which modelbased inquiry activity can promote system thinking of grade 11 students on the buffer solution topic. System thinking made the most progress in the level of synthesis due to students' using LEGO as a model tool to virtualize the components and relations between components in the system as submicroscopic (Taber & Akpan, 2016;(González-Sánchez, Ortiz-Nieves, & Medina, 2014) and students' ability to implement knowledge into the realworld issue. The result from the student's self-evaluation questionnaire found that all three levels of system thinking were high-level.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Including the normalized gain scores of 3 levels of system thinking, which include analysis of components, synthesis of components, and implementation, are indicated at a low level, high level, and medium level, respectively, that can answer the research question, which is which modelbased inquiry activity can promote system thinking of grade 11 students on the buffer solution topic. System thinking made the most progress in the level of synthesis due to students' using LEGO as a model tool to virtualize the components and relations between components in the system as submicroscopic (Taber & Akpan, 2016;(González-Sánchez, Ortiz-Nieves, & Medina, 2014) and students' ability to implement knowledge into the realworld issue. The result from the student's self-evaluation questionnaire found that all three levels of system thinking were high-level.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The results emphasized that the LEGO model was a learning tool that allowed students to see the interaction between each component in systems and virtualization that was more than macroscopic, which is submicroscopic (Taber & Akpan, 2016;González-Sánchez, Ortiz-Nieves, & Medina, 2014). Students were also able to organize the elements of a buffer system within a framework of relationships, and the results also corresponded to Hmelo-Silver, Jordan, Eberbach, & Sinha (2017) using the combination of conceptual representation with inquiry and model-base as a tool to allow students to have system thinking.…”
Section: Appendixmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chemistry is one of the branches of physical science that requires an in-depth understanding of macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic representations to explain natural phenomena. Many concepts in chemistry are used as learning activities to promote students’ understanding of the three levels of representation. However, research has found that many students face difficulty and still hold misconceptions because they cannot link multiple levels of representation, especially the representation at the submicroscopic level. This indicates that teaching and assessing chemistry in the three levels of representation is still a challenging task for chemistry teachers that needs to be reconsidered and addressed. , …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%