A Green Ultrasonic-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent for the HPLC-UV Determination of TBHQ in Edible Oils

A highly efficient vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction based on natural deep eutectic solvent for the determination of Sudan I in food samples

“…The polyol-based deep eutectic solvents were more suitable for extracting polar targeted compounds owing to their high polarity. 24,25,30,31 To our delight, most phenolic deep eutectic solvents (ChClphenol, ChCl-p-cresol, ChCl-o-cresol, and ChCl-sesamol) showed much higher Sudan I extraction efficiencies than those of polyol-based deep eutectic solvents. Among all tested phenolbased deep eutectic solvents, ChCl-sesamol showed the highest Sudan I extraction efficiency (near 100%) owing to hydrogen bonding between Sudan I and ChCl-sesamol, and high p-p interaction between sesamol and Sudan I (Fig.…”

“…In contrast, UALLME based on deep eutectic solvents requires a higher temperature (60 C) and longer extraction time (30 min), as reported previously. 31 Owing to the high viscosity of ChCl/sesamol NADES, VALLME was clearly more efficiency than UALLME due to the shorter extraction time (60 s) and milder conditions (room temperature) needed. Therefore, VALLME for 60 s at room temperature was selected for use in subsequent experiments.…”

Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Food Analysis: A Review

“…An HPLC method based on traditional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) has been widely used for the analysis of TBHQ. In 2017, Liu et al developed a green and inexpensive ultrasonic-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (UALLME) technique based on DESs for the extraction of TBHQ from edible oils, which could be combined with HPLC detection [13]. The results indicated that the DESs made from ChCl and ethylene glycol (1:2 M ratio) showed a higher extraction efficiency of TBHQ (close to 100%) than ChCl/propylene glycol (1:2 M ratio) and ChCl/glycerol (1:2 M ratio).…”

Vortex-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Analysis of Alkyl Gallates in Vegetable Oils

“…DESs possess tunable solvent properties that make them highly efficient in extracting compounds from different chemical classes. With respect to SAs, tert-butylhydroquinone is the only analyte that has been determined in vegetable oils with the extraction procedures based on the use of ChCl:ascorbic acid, 33 ChCl:sesamol 34 and ChCl:ethylene glycol 35 compositions. However, as far as we know, there is no DES-based extraction method reported in the literature for alkyl gallates.…”