A glycoprotein in the accessory cell of the echinoid ovary and its role in vitellogenesis

Ozaki, Hironobu; Moriya, Osamu; Harrington, F. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00444043

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Since the oocytes of several echinoids are PAS +, it is inferred that the PAS + material stored by the nutritive phagocytes is taken up by vitellogenic oocytes (Holland 1967, Chatlynne 1969, Tyler and Gage 1984. Moreover, recent biochemical investigations demonstrate that vitellogenin is present in the nutritive phagocytes, where in the females it provides a source of yolk precursors for oogenesis (Ozaki et al 1986, Shyu et al 1986) and in the males it appears to support spermatogenesis (R. Raft personal communication). Although it is likely that the PAS + material in the nutritive tissue is also taken up by Paracentrotus lividus oocytes, the vitellogenic oocytes and ova did not exhibit a PAS + tinctoral response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Annual reproductive cycles of the commercial sea urchinParacentrotus lividus from an exposed intertidal and a sheltered subtidal habitat on the west coast of Ireland

1990

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Reproduction of the commercial sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) from contrasting habitats on the west coast of Ireland was examined from May 1986 through August 1988. Urchins were collected intertidally from an exposed rocky shore and subtidally from a protected bay. Monthly measurements of the gonad index and histological examination of the gonads demonstrated that P. lividus has an annual reproductive cycle. Although the two populations exhibited similar reproductive patterns over three breeding seasons, there were inter-annual and inter-population differences in the amplitude of gonadal growth and in the time when spawning started. The subtidal urchins had significantly larger gonads and exhibited a longer period of reproductive maturity compared with the intertidal urchins. This difference was also evident in the histology of the ovaries at the beginning of breeding, when most of the subtidal females contained mature ovaries, whereas most of the intertidal females contained premature ovaries. An inter-annual difference in the onset of spawning was observed, with the start of gamete release differing by as much as four weeks between years. It appears that inter-annual differences in sea temperature influence the temporal variation in spawning by P. lividus and that increasing temperature may serve as an exogenous cue for gamete release. The inter-annual variability in the onset of spawning suggests that photoperiod does not cue gamete release. Gonadal growth, on the other hand, occurs during the coldest months of the year and during the period of shortest days, suggesting that temperature and photoperiod may both influence gonadal growth during the winter. Oogenesis and spermatogenesis of P. lividus were examined histologically. During the post-spawning recovery and growth stages, the gonads gained weight through growth of the nutritive phagocytes and the accumulation of periodic acid Schiff (PAS)+ droplets by these cells. The * Present address: School of Biological Sciences, Zoology AO8, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia PAS + material appears to play a nutritive role in gametogenesis. For the females, the frequencies of six ovarian maturity stages was assessed at approximately monthly intervals. Small oocytes were present throughout the year and clusters of early oocytes were most apparent during the spent and recovery stages. With the onset of vitellogenesis and subsequent accumulation of ova, the nutritive phagocytes and their PAS + droplets became depleted. The ovarian condition at the onset of breeding was variable, due to differences in the number of vitellogenic oocytes, differences in the number of ova in storage, and differences in the amount of PAS + material. In general, the nutritive phagocyte tissue is reduced by the onset of spawning and is exhausted by the termination of breeding. A similar series of events occurs during spermatogenesis. The relevance of this study for the use of P. lividus as a brood-stock organism for mariculture is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Annual reproductive cycles of the commercial sea urchinParacentrotus lividus from an exposed intertidal and a sheltered subtidal habitat on the west coast of Ireland

1990

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“…It is inferred that PAS + material stored by the nutritive phagocytes is taken up by vitellogenic oocytes (Holland 1967, Chatlynne 1969. Biochemical evidence suggests that PAS + material may be a component of yolk (Ozaki et al 1986, Shyu et al 1986). Nutrient transfer, from the nutritive phagocytes to the growing oocytes appears to occur by diffusion, as eggs accumulate large amounts of yolk protein and other products (Pearse and Cameron 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reproduction of sympatric populations ofHeliocidaris erythrogramma andH. tuberculata (Echinoidea) in New South Wales

1991

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Abstract. Reproduction of Heliocidaris erythrogramma (Valenciennes) and H. tuberculata (Lamarck) was compared through examination of oogenesis, spermatogenesis and monthly measurement of the gonad index. These species occur sympatrically in the Sydney region. Their reproduction was examined at two sites near Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia, from February 1989 through January 1990. H. erythrogramma produces buoyant, 450 #m-diam eggs and the sperm have a head region 10 #m in length. By contrast, H. tuberculata produces negatively-buoyant, 95 #m-diam eggs and the sperm have a head region 4 #m in length. Histochemical examination of the gonads revealed that periodic acid Schiff-positive (PAS +) material stored in the nutritive phagocytes appears to support vitellogenesis in both species. In H. tuberculata this material is utilized in the formation of PAS + yolk oligolecithal eggs, whereas in H. erythrogramma the PAS + material appears to be converted to lipid yolk in macrolecithal eggs. H. erythrogramma had a seasonal reproductive pattern with a 3 mo summer spawning period, whereas both populations of H. tuberculata had a 9 mo breeding period characterized by the continual presence of nutrient reserves and vitellogenic oocytes which rapidly replaced spawned ova. Spawning ceased only for 3 mo over the summer. Due to the 9 mo spawning of H. tuberculata it is not clear what factors serve to cue reproduction in this species.

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“…In the agametic phase the nutritive phagocytes grow and incorporate vitellogenic proteins in preparation for gametogenesis. During the gametic phase, the nutritive cells regress as their vitellogenic stores are transferred to the developing oocytes or mobilized to support spermatogenesis (Ozaki et al 1986;Unuma et al 1998). The abundance of vitellogenic proteins in the coelom year-round indicates that they also serve a non-reproductive function in echinoids and an immune function has been suggested (Giga and Ikai 1985;Cervello et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Maternal factors and the evolution of developmental mode: Evolution of oogenesis in Heliocidaris erythrogramma

Byrne

Villinski

Cisternas

et al. 1999

Development Genes and Evolution

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Evolutionary change in developmental mode in sea urchins is closely tied to an increase in maternal provisioning. We examined the oogenic modifications involved in production of a large egg by comparison of oogenesis in congeneric sea urchins with markedly different sized oocytes and divergent modes of development. Heliocidaris tuberculata has small eggs (95 microm diameter) and the ancestral mode of development through feeding larvae, whereas H. erythrogramma has large eggs (430 microm diameter) and highly modified non-feeding lecithotrophic larvae. Production of a large egg in H. erythrogramma involved both conserved and divergent mechanisms. The pattern and level of vitellogenin gene expression is similar in the two species. Vitellogenin processing is also similar with the gonads of both species incorporating yolk protein from coelomic and hemal stores into nutritive cells with subsequent transfer of this protein into yolk granules in the developing vitellogenic oocyte. Immunocytology of the eggs of both Heliocidaris species indicates they incorporate similar levels of yolk protein. However, H. erythrogramma has evolved a highly divergent second phase of oogenesis characterised by massive deposition of non-vitellogenic material including additional maternal protein and lipid. Maternal provisioning in H. erythrogramma exhibits recapitulation of the ancestral vitellogenic program followed by a novel oogenic phase with hypertrophy of the lipogenic program being a major contributor to the increase in egg size.

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A glycoprotein in the accessory cell of the echinoid ovary and its role in vitellogenesis

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Annual reproductive cycles of the commercial sea urchinParacentrotus lividus from an exposed intertidal and a sheltered subtidal habitat on the west coast of Ireland

Annual reproductive cycles of the commercial sea urchinParacentrotus lividus from an exposed intertidal and a sheltered subtidal habitat on the west coast of Ireland

Reproduction of sympatric populations ofHeliocidaris erythrogramma andH. tuberculata (Echinoidea) in New South Wales

Maternal factors and the evolution of developmental mode: Evolution of oogenesis in Heliocidaris erythrogramma

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