A Generic Toolkit for the Visualization of Archaeological Features on Airborne LiDAR Elevation Data

Challis, Keith; Forlin, Paolo; Kincey, Mark

doi:10.1002/arp.421

Cited by 100 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It also confirms on a fully analytical basis that this combination should be based mainly on DEM-manipulating methods such as SLOPEVIS and LRM [35,46]. This is supported by the fact that, for any dataset with a natural distribution of slopes and curvatures, they will always provide more contrast.…”

Section: A Detailed Assessment Of Als-derived Raster Visualization Tementioning

confidence: 54%

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

et al. 2017

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ALS-derived raster visualization techniques have become common in recent years, opening up new possibilities for subtle landform detection in earth sciences and archaeology, but they have also introduced confusion for users. As a consequence, the choice between these visualization techniques is still mostly supported by empirical knowledge. Some attempts have been made to compare these techniques, but there is still a lack of analytical data. This work proposes a new method, based on gradient modelling and spatial statistics, to analytically assess the efficacy of these visualization techniques. A selected panel of outstanding visualization techniques was assessed first by a classic non-analytical approach, and secondly by the proposed new analytical approach. The comparison of results showed that the latter provided more detailed and objective data, not always consistent with previous empirical knowledge. These data allowed us to characterize with precision the terrain for which each visualization technique performs best. A combination of visualization techniques based on DEM manipulation (Slope and Local Relief Model) appeared to be the best choice for normal terrain morphometry, occasionally supported by illumination techniques such as Sky-View Factor or Negative Openness as a function of terrain characteristics.

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Section: A Detailed Assessment Of Als-derived Raster Visualization Tementioning

confidence: 54%

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

et al. 2017

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“…While in positive openness (Figure 8a) only nine barrows are visible, according to the interpretation of the LRM the area is covered by at least fifteen burials (Figure 8b,c). This is a clear advantage of LRM over any other known technique and demonstrates the importance of combining various visualizations, since all of them filter and display information content in a different way (see also [9] and [10]; p. 47).…”

Section: Openness Compared To Local Relief Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kokalj et al discuss various techniques, including hillshades and derivatives, techniques of elevation differentiations, LRM, SVF, PCA, and various composites [8]. Keith Challis et al [9] published an assessment of visualization techniques and proposed a "toolbox" for low and high relief landscapes, which includes elevation shading, slope severity, solar insolation models and LRM. Another comparison of these techniques was made by Bennett et al [10].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Openness as Visualization Technique for Interpretative Mapping of Airborne Lidar Derived Digital Terrain Models

2013

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Abstract:Openness is proposed as a visualization technique for the archaeological interpretation of digital terrain models derived from airborne laser scanning. In contrast to various shading techniques, openness is not subject to directional bias and relief features highlighted by openness do not contain any horizontal displacement. Additionally, it offers a clear distinction between relief features and the surrounding topography, while it highlights both the highest and lowest parts of features. This makes openness an ideal tool for mapping and outlining of archaeological features. A comparison with sky-view factor and local relief model visualizations helps to evaluate advantages and limits of the technique.

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“…Some applications of solar isolation [45] showed that their results are more efficient because the illumination source (the Sun) moves. This movement partially removes the issue of direct illumination.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

2011

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Abstract:Remote sensing has become the most important data source for the digital elevation model (DEM) generation. DEM analyses can be applied in various fields and many of them require appropriate DEM visualization support. Analytical hill-shading is the most frequently used relief visualization technique. Although widely accepted, this method has two major drawbacks: identifying details in deep shades and inability to properly represent linear features lying parallel to the light beam. Several authors have tried to overcome these limitations by changing the position of the light source or by filtering. This paper proposes a new relief visualization technique based on diffuse, rather than direct, illumination. It utilizes the sky-view factor-a parameter corresponding to the portion of visible sky limited by relief. Sky-view factor can be used as a general relief visualization technique to show relief characteristics. In particular, we show that this visualization is a very useful tool in archaeology as it improves the recognition of small scale features from high resolution DEMs.

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A Generic Toolkit for the Visualization of Archaeological Features on Airborne LiDAR Elevation Data

Cited by 100 publications

References 16 publications

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

The Highest Gradient Model: A New Method for Analytical Assessment of the Efficiency of LiDAR-Derived Visualization Techniques for Landform Detection and Mapping

Openness as Visualization Technique for Interpretative Mapping of Airborne Lidar Derived Digital Terrain Models

Sky-View Factor as a Relief Visualization Technique

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