“…In general, there is no generic approach to designing the coupling connections. The actual configuration of the coupling is more problem dependent and can be quite complicated because it greatly depends on the form in which domain knowledge is available; domain knowledge may be presented in the form of constraint functions [ Table 1 in Hu et al (2009)], grammar (Todorovski and Džeroski, 2006), rules (Matsunaga et al, 2013), and even physically based models (Czop et al, 2011). Considering the wide variety of coupling connections in the KDDM approach, we limited our coupling connections to two simple and common coupling operators, namely, "superposition" and "composition" (Thompson and Kramer, 1994;Hu et al, 2009).…”