A Generalized 3-D Scattering Model for a Macrocell Environment With a Directional Antenna at the BS

Angle and Time of Arrival Statistics for a 3-D Pie-Cellular-Cut Scattering Channel Model

“…It is impressed that the AOA reduces with an increase in β m , while at the range from tan −1 (b/d) to π/2, the AOA between which tend to be the same. Comparing the proposed 3-D PCC channel model with the Nawaz model [20], we can deduce the fact that no matter in macrocell or microcell environments, the AOA have similar changing trends at 0 β m π/2 in the vertical direction. In addition, it can be observed that the AOA significantly reduce with a decrease in.…”

“…Therefore, it is very essential to consider the spreading of multipath signals in 3-D space (i.e. simultaneously both in azimuth and elevation planes) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In [16,17], power spectral density and PDFs of AOA for a nonzero elevation plane using a 3-D scattering model are theoretically derived, and in these models authors do not consider spreading of multipath waves in the azimuth and elevation planes.…”

“…In [16,17], power spectral density and PDFs of AOA for a nonzero elevation plane using a 3-D scattering model are theoretically derived, and in these models authors do not consider spreading of multipath waves in the azimuth and elevation planes. However, Janaswamy [18] proposed a 3-D semispheroid model with a low MS antenna and an elevated BS antenna, the model presented here is useful in macrocell environments where significant multipath components can arrive both from horizontal and vertical directions at the BS and the MS. A similar model is presented in [19,20], where uniform distributed scattering objects are assumed in 3-D semispheroid and MS is considered non-elevated located in scattering region. The uplink/downlink trivariate distributions of TOA and AOA are derived.…”

A Geometric Method for Computing the Nodal Distance Distribution in Mobile Networks

“…In our analysis, we develop a geometrical-based method [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and provide simple integral expressions for the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the distance between nodes that are uniformly located within circular-shaped networks. To the best of the author's knowledge, computation of distance distribution includes awkward expressions and requires time-consuming calculations [5].…”

Angle and Time of Arrival Statistics of a Three Dimensional Geometrical Scattering Channel Model for Indoor and Outdoor Propagation Environments

“…Geometrical scattering channel models have been developed to describe the angle of arrival (AOA) and time of arrival (TOA) probability density functions (pdfs) of the received multipath signals. In the current literature, several two dimensional (2D) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and three dimensional (3D) [14][15][16][17] geometrical scattering channel models have been suggested for various types of wireless communication environments. For example, in macrocellular wireless environments, where the base station (BS) antennas are elevated and the scatterers are assumed to be located around only the mobile station (MS) antenna, many 2D and 3D geometric channel models have been developed [3-8, 11, 15, 17].…”