A Ge/Carbon Atomic‐Scale Hybrid Anode Material: A Micro–Nano Gradient Porous Structure with High Cycling Stability

Abstract

The continuous growth of the solid–electrolyte interface (SEI) and material crushing are the fundamental issues that hinder the application of Ge anodes in lithium‐ion batteries. Solving Ge deformation crushing during discharge/charge cycles is challenging using conventional carbon coating modification methods. Due to the chemical stability and high melting point of carbon (3500 °C), Ge/carbon hybridization at the atomic level is challenging. By selecting a suitable carbon source and introducing an active medium, we have achieved the Ge/carbon doping at the atom‐level, and this Ge/carbon anode shows excellent electrochemical performance. The reversible capacity is maintained at 1127 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles (2 A g−1 (2–71 cycles), 4 A g−1 (72–1000 cycles)) with a retention of 84 % compared to the second cycle. The thickness of the SEI is only 17.4 nm after 1000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance and stable SEI fully reflect the application potential of this material.

Revisiting the Preparation Progress of Nano‐Structured Si Anodes toward Industrial Application from the Perspective of Cost and Scalability

“…Hollow/Porous Si (H/P‐Si) is very common to enhance the long‐cycle capability, because the porous structure can provide buffer space for expansion, [ 154 ] and nanometer pores are more closely connected with lithium ions and electrolyte to improve the material multiplier performance. [ 155–156 ] Compared with Si‐NPs, Si‐NWs, Si‐TF, and Si‐NTs, the manufacturing methods of H‐Si/P‐Si are more diverse and people can design more structures.…”

Tailoring Ultrafast and High‐Capacity Sodium Storage via Binding‐Energy‐Driven Atomic Scissors

“…[ 17 ] However, these favorable properties are overshadowed by its relatively poor rate performance, severe capacity loss, and electrode pulverization. [ 18,19 ] This severe capacity loss and electrode pulverization are primarily induced by large volume expansion and contraction during Na + uptake and release, respectively.…”

Constructing a Composite Structure by a Gradient Mg2+ Doping Strategy for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…Up to now, many strategies have been reported to address these issues, such as composite phase, cation doping, and surface coating tactics. − Composite phases (such as P2/P3-Na 0.67 Mn 0.64 Co 0.30 Al 0.06 O 2 and P2/P3-Na 0.7 Li 0.06 Mg 0.06 Ni 0.22 Mn 0.67 O 2 ) could integrate the virtues of P2 and P3 phases, enhancing Na + migration kinetics and structural stability. In the strategy of cation doping, the introduction of other metal ions could inhibit the P2–O2 phase transformation and enhance structural stability, such as P2-Na 0.67 Mn 0.67 Ni 0.28 Mg 0.05 O 2 and Na 0.67 Ni 0.1 Cu 0.2 Mn 0.7 O 2 and Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.47 Ti 0.2 O 2 .…”