A Full Dive into Realizing the Edge-enabled Metaverse: Visions, Enabling Technologies,and Challenges

Xu, Minrui; Ng, Wei Chong; Lim, Wei Yang Bryan; Kang, Jiawen; Xiong, Zehui; Niyato, Dusit; Yang, Qiang; Shen, Xuemin; Chen, Miao

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.05471

Cited by 26 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 225 publications

(326 reference statements)

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“…However, only the stationary QKD services may not be sufficient to secure the transmission of confidential data in dynamic communication environments. Therefore, the uncertainty in secure communication environments necessitates the provisioning of satellite-and UAV-based QKD services, according to the real- To verify the effectiveness of the aforementioned concept and framework, the Metaverse [8] is used as a use case where users and Metaverse applications transmit data via quantum-secured SAGIN. The data generated and transmitted by the Metaverse applications, such as extended reality (XR), digital twin, and artificial intelligence (AI), are often communication-heavy, high-frequent, and asynchronous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-Secured Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Concept, Framework, and Case Study

Xu¹,

Niyato²,

Xiong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In the upcoming 6G era, existing terrestrial networks have evolved toward space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN), providing ultra-high data rates, seamless network coverage, and ubiquitous intelligence for communications of applications and services. However, conventional communications in SAGIN still face data confidentiality issues. Fortunately, the concept of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) over SAGIN is able to provide information-theoretic security for secure communications in SAGIN with quantum cryptography. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the quantum-secured SAGIN which is feasible to achieve proven secure communications using quantum mechanics to protect data channels between space, air, and ground nodes. Moreover, we propose a universal QKD service provisioning framework to minimize the cost of QKD services under the uncertainty and dynamics of communications in quantumsecured SAGIN. In this framework, fiber-based QKD services are deployed in passive optical networks with the advantages of low loss and high stability. Moreover, the widely covered and flexible satellite-and UAV-based QKD services are provisioned as a supplement during the real-time data transmission phase. Finally, to examine the effectiveness of the proposed concept and framework, a case study of quantum-secured SAGIN in the Metaverse is conducted where uncertain and dynamic factors of the secure communications in Metaverse applications are effectively resolved in the proposed framework.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-Secured Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Concept, Framework, and Case Study

Xu¹,

Niyato²,

Xiong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…However, extremely-high resource demand in the Metaverse is one of the biggest challenges that is impeding the deployment of the Metaverse [9]. To fulfil the Quality-of-Service (QoS) and user experience requirements in the Metaverse, it demands enormous resources that may have never been seen before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is forecasted that data usage on networks can be expanded more than 20 times by the operation of Metaverse [11]. Second, the Extend Reality (XR) technology is believed to be integrated into Metaverse's applications such that users can interact with virtual and physical objects via their digital avatars, e.g., digital twin [9]. Therefore, the Metaverse requires extensive computing to render three dimensional (3-D) objects, a large amount of data collected from perceived networks, e.g., Internet of Things (IoT), and an ultra-low delay communication to maintain a seamless user experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MetaSlicing: A Novel Resource Allocation Framework for Metaverse

Chu¹,

Hoang²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Creating and maintaining the Metaverse requires enormous resources that have never been seen before, especially computing resources for intensive data processing to support the extended reality, enormous storage resources, and massive networking resources for maintaining ultra high-speed and low-latency connections. Therefore, this work aims to propose a novel framework, namely MetaSlicing, that can provide a highly effective and comprehensive solution in managing and allocating different types of resources for Metaverse applications. In particular, by observing that Metaverse applications may have common functions, we first propose grouping applications into clusters, called MetaInstances. In a MetaInstance, common functions can be shared among applications. As such, the same resources can be used by multiple applications simultaneously, thereby enhancing resource utilization dramatically. To address the real-time characteristic and resource demand's dynamic and uncertainty in the Metaverse, we develop an effective framework based on the semi-Markov decision process and propose an intelligent admission control algorithm that can maximize resource utilization and enhance the Quality-of-Service for end-users. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed solution outperforms the Greedy-based policy by up to 80% and 47% in terms of long-term revenue for Metaverse providers and request acceptance probability, respectively.

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“…Nguyen et al [14] introduced MetaChain, a blockchain-based architecture that deals with usage of smart contracts operating on blockchain to manage and automate complex interactions between the Metaverse users and virtual service providers. Xu et al [15] discussed the potentials of AI, Edge computing and blockchain for ubiquitous, seamless access to the Metaverse. In the same vein, Lim et al [16] present the infrastructural architecture required for Metaverse with special focus on the convergence of edge intelligence and the infrastructure layer of the Metaverse.…”

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confidence: 99%

Edge-enabled Metaverse: The Convergence of Metaverse and Mobile Edge Computing

dhelim¹,

Kechadi²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Metaverse is a virtual environment where users are represented by avatars to navigate a virtual world, which has strong links with the physical one. State-of-the-art Metaverse architectures rely on a cloud-based approach for avatar physics emulation and graphics rendering computation. Such centralized design is unfavorable as it suffers from several drawbacks caused by the long latency required for cloud access, such as low quality visualization. To solve this issue, in this paper, we propose a Fog-Edge hybrid computing architecture for Metaverse applications that leverage an edge-enabled distributed computing paradigm, which makes use of edge devices computing power to fulfil the required computational cost for heavy tasks such as collision detection in virtual universe and computation of 3D physics in virtual simulation. The computational cost related to an entity in the Metaverse such as collision detection or physics emulation are performed at the end-device of the associated physical entity. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed architecture, we simulate a distributed social metaverse application. Simulation results shows that the proposed architecture can reduce the latency by 50\% when compared with the legacy cloud-based Metaverse applications.

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A Full Dive into Realizing the Edge-enabled Metaverse: Visions, Enabling Technologies,and Challenges

Cited by 26 publications

References 225 publications

Quantum-Secured Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Concept, Framework, and Case Study

Quantum-Secured Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Concept, Framework, and Case Study

MetaSlicing: A Novel Resource Allocation Framework for Metaverse

Edge-enabled Metaverse: The Convergence of Metaverse and Mobile Edge Computing

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