A framework for understanding linguistic entrenchment and its psychological foundations.

Schmid, Hansjörg

doi:10.1037/15969-002

Cited by 64 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 109 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship between word strings, phrases or 'formulae' and specific purposes is well-established (Becker 1975, Nattinger & DeCarrico 1992, Wray 2002, Kuiper 2004. By extension, the usage-based process of entrenchment (Langacker 1988(Langacker , 2000Schmid 2016) holds that on the basis of their unique socio-historicallinguistic characteristics, experiences and encounters, which word strings become entrenched inherently varies from author to author. Against this theoretical backdrop, it was demonstrated that when faced with the same communicative situation and purpose, Nemec's linguistic output is different from other authors in the relevant population and why, ultimately, these word n-grams have worked in attributing his disputed samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Langacker (1988: 59) states that with repeated use, a once novel lexicogrammatical structure "becomes progressively entrenched, to the point of becoming a unit" and that "through repetition, even a highly complex event can coalesce into a wellrehearsed routine that is easily elicited and reliably executed" (Langacker 2000: 3). Schmid (2016) presents a detailed discussion of the concept of 'entrenchment' and identifies a range of factors which determine the entrenchment of particular sequences, including word strings. He claims that while frequency of occurrence influences the entrenchment process, frequency is simply an "approximation of repeated use and exposure by individual speakers taking place in concrete situations", and that "it is only in communicative situations that replication and subsequent propagation" can take place (Schmid 2016: 18-9).…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Using word n-grams to identify authors and idiolects

Wright

2017

IJCL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forensic authorship attribution is concerned with identifying the writers of anonymous criminal documents. Over the last twenty years, computer scientists have developed a wide range of statistical procedures using a number of different linguistic features to measure similarity between texts. However, much of this work is not of practical use to forensic linguists who need to explain in reports or in court why a particular method of identifying potential authors works. This paper sets out to address this problem using a corpus linguistic approach and the 176-author 2.5 million-word Enron Email Corpus. Drawing on literature positing the idiolectal nature of collocations, phrases and word sequences, this paper tests the accuracy of word n-grams in identifying the authors of anonymised email samples. Moving beyond the statistical analysis, the usage-based concept of entrenchment is offered as a means by which to account for the recurring and distinctive production of idiolectal word n-grams.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using word n-grams to identify authors and idiolects

Wright

2017

IJCL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study suggests that entrenchment (e.g. Langacker 1987, Schmid 2017) and chunking (cf. Newell 1990, Bybee 2010; Ellis 2017) of an item undergoing constructionalization are not necessarily incremental.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Entrenchment inhibition: Constructional change and repetitive behaviour can be in competition with large-scale “recompositional” creativity

Tantucci

Cristofaro

2019

Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper addresses creativity as inhibition of repetitive behaviour. We argue that entrenchment and constructional change can be in competition with large-scale creative attempts of recomposition of constructions’ internal constituency. After undergoing chunking, the recurrent usage of a construction may be significantly counterbalanced with new attempts of entrenchment inhibition (viz. inhibition of entrenchment). These are cases where speakers opt for more compositional and less predictable ways to express a similar meaning of a conventionalised form. We focus on the constructionalisation of noun–participle compounds (e.g. snow-covered) in the Historical Corpus of American English. During the second part of the twentieth century, speakers increasingly inhibit the usage of conventionalised noun phrase–past participle forms in favour of more compositional strategies involving the same internal constituents. This entails that constructional change not only affects the meaning of the chunk that undergoes constructionalisation but also the way speakers creatively rediscover its internal constituency. These results additionally aim to inform research in cognitive architectures and artificial intelligence, where creativity is often merely considered as a problem-solving mechanism rather than a potential process of inhibition of automatised behaviour.

show abstract

“…These approaches assume that linguistic knowledge is emergent insofar as it arises from -and is constantly updated in -situated language use in communicative speech events. Given this, constructions differ in their degree of entrenchment and conventionalization (Langacker 1987;Schmid 2016). With repeated use, a novel structure becomes progressively entrenched, to the point of becoming a unit, while extended periods of disuse impact negatively on the entrenchment of constructions.…”

Section: A Constructionist Approach To the Study Of Tautologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brexit means Brexit: a constructionist analysis

Mompean¹,

Valenzuela

2019

Complut. j. Engl. stud.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a corpus-assisted discourse analysis of the Brexit means Brexit tautology from a constructionist perspective. A multimodal corpus of instances of the construction was compiled and analyzed, paying attention to the components of the construction such as its phonetic-phonological and gestural features as well as the idealized cognitive models underlying the use of the tautology in discourse. This study also addresses how different semantic-pragmatic uses have an impact on the linguistic form (e.g. prosody, gesture) and emphasizes the fluid interaction between linguistic meaning/ form and the social and cultural context in which language is used. It is argued that a full understanding of any construction requires a multimodal, discourse-based analysis.[es] Brexit means Brexit: un análisis construccionista Resumen. Este artículo presenta un análisis de discurso basado en corpus de la tautología Brexit means Brexit desde una perspectiva construccionista. Se ha compilado y analizado un corpus multimodal de ejemplos de la construcción, prestando atención a componentes de la construcción tales como sus rasgos fonético-fonológicos y gestuales, así como a los modelos cognitivos idealizados (ICMs) que subyacen al uso de de esta tautología en discurso. El estudio también analiza cómo los diferentes usos semántico-pragmáticos tienen un impacto en la forma lingüística (p. ej., prosodia, gesto) y enfatiza la fluida interacción entre la forma/significado lingüísticos y el contexto social y cultural en el que se usa el lenguaje. Se afirma que una comprensión más completa de cualquier construcción requiere un análisis multimodal basado en discurso real.

show abstract

A framework for understanding linguistic entrenchment and its psychological foundations.

Cited by 64 publications

References 109 publications

Using word n-grams to identify authors and idiolects

Using word n-grams to identify authors and idiolects

Entrenchment inhibition: Constructional change and repetitive behaviour can be in competition with large-scale “recompositional” creativity

Brexit means Brexit: a constructionist analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About