A framework for easing the development of applications embedding answer set programming

Fuscà, Davide; Germano, Stefano; Zangari, Jessica; Anastasio, M.; Calimeri, Francesco; Perri, Simona

doi:10.1145/2967973.2968594

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A Python library providing an ORM interface to clingo is also available (Rajaratnam 2021). A framework for developing applications embedding ASP on mobile devices is proposed by Fuscà et al . (2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Build Your Own ASP-based System?!

Kaminski¹,

Romero²,

Schaub³

et al. 2021

Theory and Practice of Logic Programming

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Answer Set Programming, or ASP for short, has become a popular and sophisticated approach to declarative problem solving. Its popularity is due to its attractive modeling-grounding-solving workflow that provides an easy approach to problem solving, even for laypersons outside computer science. However, in contrast to ASP’s ease of use, the high degree of sophistication of the underlying technology makes it even hard for ASP experts to put ideas into practice whenever this involves modifying ASP’s machinery. For addressing this issue, this tutorial aims at enabling users to build their own ASP-based systems. More precisely, we show how the ASP system clingo can be used for extending ASP and for implementing customized special-purpose systems. To this end, we propose two alternatives. We begin with a traditional AI technique and show how metaprogramming can be used for extending ASP. This is a rather light approach that relies on clingo’s reification feature to use ASP itself for expressing new functionalities. The second part of this tutorial uses traditional programming (in Python) for manipulating clingo via its application programming interface. This approach allows for changing and controlling the entire model-ground-solve workflow of ASP. Central to this is clingo’s new Application class that allows us to draw on clingo’s infrastructure by customizing processes similar to the one in clingo. For instance, we may apply manipulations to programs’ abstract syntax trees, control various forms of multi-shot solving, and set up theory propagators for foreign inferences. A cross-sectional structure, spanning meta as well as application programming, is clingo’s intermediate format, aspif, that specifies the interface among the underlying grounder and solver. We illustrate the aforementioned concepts and techniques throughout this tutorial by means of examples and several nontrivial case studies. In particular, we show how clingo can be extended by difference constraints and how guess-and-check programming can be implemented with both meta and application programming.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Build Your Own ASP-based System?!

Kaminski¹,

Romero²,

Schaub³

et al. 2021

Theory and Practice of Logic Programming

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A Python library providing an ORM interface to clingo is available at https: //github.com/potassco/clorm. A framework for developing applications embedding ASP on mobile devices is proposed in (Fuscà et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to build your own ASP-based system?!

Kaminski¹,

Romero²,

Schaub³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Answer Set Programming (ASP) has become a popular and quite sophisticated approach to declarative problem solving. This is arguably due to its attractive modeling-grounding-solving workflow that provides an easy approach to problem solving, even for laypersons outside computer science. Unlike this, the high degree of sophistication of the underlying technology makes it increasingly hard for ASP experts to put ideas into practice.For addressing this issue, this tutorial aims at enabling users to build their own ASP-based systems. More precisely, we show how the ASP system clingo can be used for extending ASP and for implementing customized special-purpose systems. To this end, we propose two alternatives. We begin with a traditional AI technique and show how meta programming can be used for extending ASP. This is a rather light approach that relies on clingo's reification feature to use ASP itself for expressing new functionalities. Unlike this, the major part of this tutorial uses traditional programming (in Python) for manipulating clingo via its application programming interface. This approach allows for changing and controlling the entire model-ground-solve workflow of ASP. Central to this is clingo's new Application class that allows us to draw on clingo's infrastructure by customizing processes similar to the one in clingo. For instance, we may engage manipulations to programs' abstract syntax trees, control various forms of multi-shot solving, and set up theory propagators for foreign inferences. Another cross-sectional structure, spanning meta as well as application programming, is clingo's intermediate format, aspif, that specifies the interface among the underlying grounder and solver. We illustrate the aforementioned concepts and techniques throughout this tutorial by means of examples and several non-trivial case-studies. In particular, we show how clingo can be extended by difference constraints and how guess-and-check programming can be implemented with both meta and application programming.

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“…Furthermore, jdlv (Febbraro et al 2012) encapsulates the dlv system to facilitate one-shot ASP solving in Java environments by providing means to generate and process logic programs, and to afterwards extract their stable models. embasp (Fuscà et al 2016) provides a more recent and more general environment for embedding ASP systems, including clingo and dlv, into external systems. Meanwhile the ASP solver wasp (Alviano et al 2015) also features a foreign language API, yet restricted to solving functionalities.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-shot ASP solving with clingo

Gebser

Kaminski

Kaufmann

et al. 2018

Theory and Practice of Logic Programming

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198

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We introduce a new flexible paradigm of grounding and solving in Answer Set Programming (ASP), which we refer to as multi-shot ASP solving, and present its implementation in the ASP systemclingo. Multi-shot ASP solving features grounding and solving processes that deal with continuously changing logic programs. In doing so, they remain operative and accommodate changes in a seamless way. For instance, such processes allow for advanced forms of search, as in optimization or theory solving, or interaction with an environment, as in robotics or query answering. Common to them is that the problem specification evolves during the reasoning process, either because data or constraints are added, deleted, or replaced. This evolutionary aspect adds another dimension to ASP since it brings about state changing operations. We address this issue by providing an operational semantics that characterizes grounding and solving processes in multi-shot ASP solving. This characterization provides a semantic account of grounder and solver states along with the operations manipulating them. The operative nature of multi-shot solving avoids redundancies in relaunching grounder and solver programs and benefits from the solver's learning capacities.clingoaccomplishes this by complementing ASP's declarative input language with control capacities. On the declarative side, a new directive allows for structuring logic programs into named and parameterizable subprograms. The grounding and integration of these subprograms into the solving process is completely modular and fully controllable from the procedural side. To this end,clingooffers a new application programming interface that is conveniently accessible via scripting languages. By strictly separating logic and control,clingoalso abolishes the need for dedicated systems for incremental and reactive reasoning, likeiclingoandoclingo, respectively, and its flexibility goes well beyond the advanced yet still rigid solving processes of the latter.

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A framework for easing the development of applications embedding answer set programming

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

How to Build Your Own ASP-based System?!

How to Build Your Own ASP-based System?!

How to build your own ASP-based system?!

Multi-shot ASP solving with clingo

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