A framework for designing patient‐specific bioprosthetic heart valves using immersogeometric fluid–structure interaction analysis

Abstract

Numerous studies have suggested that medical image derived computational mechanics models could be developed to reduce mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases by allowing for patient-specific surgical planning and customized medical device design. In this work, we present a novel framework for designing prosthetic heart valves using a parametric design platform and immersogeometric fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. We parameterize the leaflet geometry using several key design parameters. This allows for generating various perturbations of the leaflet design for the patient-specific aortic root reconstructed from the medical image data. Each design is analyzed using our hybrid arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian/immersogeometric FSI methodology, which allows us to efficiently simulate the coupling of the deforming aortic root, the parametrically designed prosthetic valves, and the surrounding blood flow under physiological conditions. A parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of the geometry on heart valve performance, indicated by the effective orifice area and the coaptation area. Finally, the FSI simulation result of a design that balances effective orifice area and coaptation area reasonably well is compared with patient-specific phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging data to demonstrate the qualitative similarity of the flow patterns in the ascending aorta.

Fluid–Structure Interaction Models of Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Dynamics in an Experimental Pulse Duplicator

“…Methods also have been developed that combine features of ALE and IB-like approaches, including the hybrid fictitious domain/ALE method [22] and the immersogeometric (IMGA) method [9,[23][24][25][26]. These methods also seek to relax the need to use body-conforming discretizations.…”

“…Hsu et al [23] validated the leaflet kinematics of their model by comparing the cross-sectional profiles of the leaflets to those from dynamic in vitro experimental measurements [27]. Xu et al [25] used in vivo imaging data to drive their simulations and compared the fluid flow patterns with those from magnetic resonance imaging. These models both employed isotropic descriptions of the pericardial BHV leaflets.…”

Isogeometric hyperelastic shell analysis with out-of-plane deformation mapping

“…Extension to general hyperelastic material can be found in [4]. The formulation has been successfully used in computation of a good number of challenging problems, including wind-turbine fluid-structure interaction (FSI) [3,[5][6][7][8][9], bioinspired flapping-wing aerodynamics [10], bioprosthetic heart valves [11][12][13][14][15], fatigue and damage [16][17][18][19][20][21], and design [22,23].…”

An immersogeometric formulation for free-surface flows with application to marine engineering problems

“…For example, immersogeometric methods can directly immerse the boundary representation (B-rep) of CAD models into the non-body-fitted background fluid mesh [44]. Some applications to heart valve modeling and compressible flow modeling of rotor-craft can be found in [45][46][47][48]. In the present work, immersogeometric concept relies on the Finite Cell Method (FCM), which is introduced by [49,50] and has been applied to single-phase flow computations in [51,52].…”