A formula containing galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides prevents intestinal and extra-intestinal infections: An observational study

Bruzzese, Eugenia; Volpicelli, M; Squeglia, Veronica; Bruzzese, Dario; Salvini, Filippo; Bellini, Massimo; Lionetti, Paolo; Cinquetti, M; Iacono, Giuseppe; Amarri, Sergio; Guarino, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.01.008

Cited by 148 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…38,50 In an open trial including 342 healthy infants comparing standard infant formula with a GOS/FOS enriched formula given during 6 months, at the age of 12 months the incidence of gastroenteritis was reduced (0.12 C 0.04 vs. 0.29 C 0.05 episodes/child/12 months; p D 0.015), the number of children with more than 3 episodes of gastroenteritis tended to be lower (17/60 vs. 29/65; p D 0.06) and the number of children with multiple antibiotic courses/year was lower (24/60 vs. 43/65; p D 0.004). 41 Early dietary intervention with the OS prebiotic mixture showed a protective effect against infections, 51 but a GOS supplementation during one year did not result in a reduced incidence of infections. 19 Formulas containing Bifido lactis and a GOS/FOS prebiotic mixture did not reduce infection rates beyond those containing only Bifido lactis.…”

Section: Prebiotics and Stool Consistencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 A transient increase in body weight was observed in children on prebiotics compared to controls during the first 6 months of follow-up. 41 Prebiotics in formula increased weight gain but had no impact on length or head circumference. 22,42 However, the quality of this evidence is compromised by imprecision, inconsistency of results, use of different study preparations and publication bias.…”

Section: Prebiotics and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prebiotics in infant formula

2014

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The gastrointestinal microbiota of breast-fed babies differ from classic standard formula fed infants. While mother's milk is rich in prebiotic oligosaccharides and contains small amounts of probiotics, standard infant formula doesn't. Different prebiotic oligosaccharides are added to infant formula: galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharide, polydextrose, and mixtures of these. There is evidence that addition of prebiotics in infant formula alters the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota resembling that of breastfed infants. They are added to infant formula because of their presence in breast milk. Infants on these supplemented formula have a lower stool pH, a better stool consistency and frequency and a higher concentration of bifidobacteria in their intestine compared to infants on a non-supplemented standard formula. Since most studies suggest a trend for beneficial clinical effects, and since these ingredients are very safe, prebiotics bring infant formula one step closer to breastmilk, the golden standard. However, despite the fact that adverse events are rare, the evidence on prebiotics of a significant health benefit throughout the alteration of the gut microbiota is limited.

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Section: Prebiotics and Stool Consistencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prebiotics and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotics in infant formula

2014

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“…11,12 Prebiotics may promote an increase in beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria 13,14 and support respiratory and intestinal health. [15][16][17] Another nutrient with immunomodulatory properties is yeast b-glucan, a polysaccharide isolated from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 18 Consumption of yeast b-glucan has been associated with fewer symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in healthy adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT

Jin

Liu

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: Children are vulnerable to diet inadequacies, which may affect immune function. Our objective was to determine if a follow-up formula (FUF) containing DHA, the prebiotics PDX and GOS, and yeast β-glucan affects incidence of respiratory infections and diarrheal disease in healthy children. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled, prospective trial, 3-4 year old children were fed 3 servings per day of either a FUF with 25 mg DHA, 1.2 g PDX/GOS, and 8.7 mg yeast β-glucan per serving or an unfortified, cow’s milk-based beverage (control) for 28 weeks. Fecal and blood samples were collected to assess immune markers and iron/zinc status. Incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrheal disease, and antibiotic treatment were obtained from medical records. RESULTS: The FUF group had fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI (mean days [SE]; control = 4.3 [0.2]; FUF = 3.5 [0.2]; P = .007), less antibiotic use (n [%]; control = 21 [14%]; FUF = 8 [5%]; P = .01), and fewer missed days of day care due to illness. No diarrheal disease was diagnosed in either group. The FUF group had higher interleukin-10 and white blood cell count at the end of the study. There were no differences in hemoglobin, serum ferritin and zinc, or fecal secretory immunoglobulin A. CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of a FUF was associated with fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI, as well as less antibiotic use. The children who consumed the FUF had increased interleukin-10 and white blood cells, suggesting an antiinflammatory mechanism and/or an increase of effector immune cells.

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“…В В многочисленных исследованиях с участием как здо-ровых, так и недоношенных детей с высоким и низким риском развития аллергии, а также детей с функциональ-ными нарушениями пищеварения были доказаны следу-ющие клинические эффекты комплекса scGOS/lcFOS: • бифидогенный эффект и нормализация частоты и консистенции стула [4]; • снижение частоты инфекционных заболеваний и дли-тельности антибактериальной терапии [29]; • аллергопротективный эффект (снижение частоты раз-вития атопического дерматита, бронхообструктивного синдрома, крапивницы) [30,31]; • модуляция местного иммунного ответа за счет увели-чения выработки sIgA [6]. Важно отметить, что комплекс scGOS/lcFOS полно-стью соответствует новым критериям пребиотиков, предложенным экспертами Научной ассоциации по пре-и пробиотикам (International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, ISAРP) в 2017 г.…”

Section: олигосахариды в детских молочных смесяхunclassified