JT00144631
DIRECTORATE FOR EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERSThis series is designed to make available to a wider readership selected labour market, social policy and migration studies prepared for use within the OECD. Authorship is usually collective, but principal writers are named. The papers are generally available only in their original language -English or French -with a summary in the other.
1.Child development and child well-being are major concerns in many OECD countries and are the subject of ongoing work at the OECD. These concerns have led to a search for policies to offset poverty, deprivation, vulnerability, and the risk factors that can trigger a lifelong cycle of disadvantage. It is in this context that we carried out a review of the research literature on child outcomes and of the different social policies that may affect them. The paper is organized in four parts: (1) a summary of child outcomes of concern in various OECD countries; (2) a discussion of one particular outcome, child poverty, and its negative consequences for children; (3) a summary of the research linking different family types with different outcomes; and (4) the social policies that may lead to different positive and negative outcomes.
2.Our main conclusions from this literature review is that knowledge-building is proceeding, in particular, with regard to child poverty and the policies that can reduce or eliminate this problem. Going beyond poverty, early childhood education and care services have positive consequences for children, especially children aged 2 or 3 to compulsory school entry, which can reduce early disadvantage. And oneparent family status and parental unemployment seem to have negative consequences for children, but there is less research addressing these associations. Large and important gaps in the research continue to exist, especially with regard to comparative studies of child welfare (child protection; foster care; adoption) and the prevention of child maltreatment, and studies of the situation of children of immigrants and ethnic and racial minorities.
DELSA/ELSA/WD/SEM(2003)64 RESUME Le développement de l'enfant et son bien-être constituent, dans bon nombre de pays de l'OCDE, d'importantes préoccupations qui font l'objet de travaux suivis à l'Organisation. Le souci d'y répondre a conduit à rechercher des moyens d'action qui permettent de compenser les effets de la pauvreté, du dénuement et de la vulnérabilité, et de parer aux facteurs de risque qui peuvent fait de la vie entière une succession de difficultés. C'est dans cette optique que nous avons passé en revue les études consacrées au devenir des enfants et aux différentes politiques sociales qui peuvent influer sur lui. Ce document comprend quatre parties : (1) récapitulatif des sujets de préoccupation concernant le devenir des enfants dans différents pays de l'OCDE ; (2) examen d'une situation particulière, la pauvreté chez les enfants, et des conséquences négatives qu'elle a pour eux ; (3)...