A flexible ferroelectric liquid‐crystal display with improved mechanical stability for smart‐card applications

Abstract

A bistable ferroelectric liquid-crystal display (FLCD) for application in a smart card has been developed together with Infineon Technologies Business Unit Security and Chip Card ICs. The manufacturing process of the display will be explained. To further improve the functionality and reliability of the display, its layout has been modified. Barrier layers to reduce water permeation have been introduced. Defects in the FLC have been observed around the spacers. A change in the process order can help to avoid them. To reduce the sensitivity of the smectic layers of the FLC to shear forces, a special display layout with enlarged spacers has been developed together with an appropriate vacuum-free filling process.

Active‐matrix and flexible liquid‐crystal displays with carbon‐nanotube pixel electrodes

“…Such coatings also significantly reduce the water-vapor transition and therefore prevent the degradation of the display effect. 17 Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2 , and Ta 2 O 5 with photoresist patterns on top were exposed to the RIE. After stripping of the photoresist, the etch depth was determined with a profiler.…”

A process for fabricating flexible reflective display devices using a composite film of ferroelectric liquid crystal and polymer

“…For these displays to accommodate high-quality moving pictures, high-speed LC materials are desirable. Although reflective display devices using ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC) with high-speed response have recently been prototyped [3], grayscale modulation of the displays has been difficult due to the bistable behavior of the display devices [4].…”

P-101: Fast Flexible Display Applications of Deformed Helix Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals

“…Recently, various types of the LC devices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] with polymer walls and/or networks or structured spacers on flexible and thin plastic substrates have been investigated. In the case of the FLCs with polymer walls and/or networks [1,2], the operating voltage was found to become increased and the optical modulation was reduced because of residual polymers.…”

“…In order to eliminate such problem, an anisotropic phase separation mode of a nematic LC [4] was examined although the fast response was sacrificed. Another type of a flexible display, based on the structured spacers [5,6], gives relatively small optical modulation since the spacers were formed in optically active areas and the distortion of the LC alignment was inevitable occurred around the spacers.…”