A finite strain fibre-reinforced viscoelasto-viscoplastic model of plant cell wall growth

Abstract

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Molecular insights into the complex mechanics of plant epidermal cell walls

“…Previous atomistic models simulated component interactions [e.g., xyloglucan binding to cellulose surfaces (35)], but this approach cannot reach the length scale needed to investigate the origins of wall mechanics or cellulose networks. In larger-scale finite-element wall mod-els (36,37), cellulose was represented as stiff rods cross-linked at fixed points by thinner and stretchier rods, representing xyloglucan. In yet other studies (38,39), wall growth was modeled by continuum equations simulating insertion of pectins into the wall.…”

Diffuse Growth of Plant Cell Walls

“…Sometimes this is a matter of convenience-elasticity is relatively straightforward to incorporate into simulations of growth (Fayant et al, 2010;Huang et al, 2015)-and numerous methods have been devised in recent years to measure elasticity of tissues and cells with mechanical devices (e.g. Routier-Kierzkowska et al, 2012;Nezhad et al, 2013;Beauzamy et al, 2015b;Vogler et al, 2015;Mosca et al, 2017).…”

Mathematical principles and models of plant growth mechanics: from cell wall dynamics to tissue morphogenesis

“…Although their role has been considered in pollen tubes (Rojas et al 2011, Fayant et al 2010, in other models their effect has been included as a generic isotropic term. This approach could give an accurate description of pectin's effect (Huang et al 2015), however it neglects the potential influence of pectin-cellulose interactions, or that de-methylesterified pectin could affect the porosity of cellulose-xyloglucan networks, thereby influencing enzyme action (Cosgrove 2016). Inhibition of PME activity is known to prevent the formation of primordia at the meristem, showing that pectins influence wall extensibility, and that their spatial regulation of methylated and demethylated aids morphogenesis (Höfte et al 2012, Braybrook and Peaucelle 2013 with pectin asymmetry in the hypocotyl epidermis shown to aid anisotropy (Bou Daher et al 2018).…”