A fifty-year follow-up of congenital rubella

McIntosh, E. David G.; Menser, Margaret A.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)91483-o

Cited by 94 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…9 Children with congenital rubella syndrome had an elevated death rate after 50 years of follow-up (standardized relative mortality rate, 6.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-17.57). 16 Helsinki averaged 840 cases of physician-diagnosed rubella per year, and hospitalizations occurred frequently, mostly for arthropathy. Rubella was associated with 2% of childhood encephalitis and rarely with death.…”

Section: History Of Rubellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mumps and Rubella Eliminated From Finland

Peltola¹

2000

JAMA

115

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Many countries use trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine for their mumps and rubella immunization programs. In Finland, a national 2-dose MMR vaccination program for children, free of charge and on a voluntary basis, was launched in 1982. Serological confirmation of all suspected cases of mumps and rubella has been required since 1987. Despite intensive surveillance, no persistent sequelae or deaths attributable to vaccination have been detected. Indigenous mumps and rubella were eliminated in 1996, but 4 imported cases of mumps and 2 of rubella occurred from 1997 to 1999. Lack of secondary cases indicates sufficient immunity in the community. Compared with an epidemic year, up to thousands of cases of mumps meningoencephalitis and orchitis and around 50 cases of congenital rubella syndrome are now avoided annually. A 2-dose vaccine regimen in children during the last 17 years (1983-1999) has interrupted circulation of the target viruses entirely. Finland is the first country documented to be free of indigenous mumps and rubella (measles was eliminated in 1996). Despite the ongoing possibility of imported disease, major outbreaks probably can be avoided by maintaining high vaccination coverage and the 2-dose policy. JAMA. 2000;284:2643-2647.

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Section: History Of Rubellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mumps and Rubella Eliminated From Finland

Peltola¹

2000

JAMA

115

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“…16 In particular enteroviruses, including coxsackie virus and rotavirus, 17 retroviruses, and rubella, 3,4 have received scrutiny. Also, diabetes occurs in some 10-20% of patients with congenital rubella syndrome, 18 and in these cases overt diabetes can take many years to develop. Here, exposure in utero can be remote from clinical onset, thus raising the issue of other potential in utero influences, including maternal nutrition.…”

Section: Several Environmental Factors Implicated But Not Convictedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dietary Cause of Type 1 Diabetes: Unearthing a New Twist to the Tale

Myers

Mackay²,

Zimmet³

2002

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics

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“…The members of this cohort were studied again after 50 [30] and 60 [31] years. Seven of the 50 had died by 50 years, including one with a diagnosis of diabetes.…”

Section: Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital rubella: citation virus or viral cause of type 1 diabetes?

Gale

2008

Diabetologia

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A fifty-year follow-up of congenital rubella

Cited by 94 publications

References 5 publications

Mumps and Rubella Eliminated From Finland

Mumps and Rubella Eliminated From Finland

A Dietary Cause of Type 1 Diabetes: Unearthing a New Twist to the Tale

Congenital rubella: citation virus or viral cause of type 1 diabetes?

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