A field evaluation of subsurface and surface runoff

Pilgrim, David H.; Huff, D.D.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(78)90076-8

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The L p for the CB2 weir ranged from 6.2 to 22.1 hr, with a mean value of 13.4 hr. Among basins of comparable size, these L p values for CB1 and CB2 are at the high end of the range for runoff by SSSF compiled by Dunne [1978], reported by Weyman [1970], Cheng [1988], Allan and Roulet [1994], and Peters et al [1995], and derived from data and maps presented by Anderson and Burt [1978], Pilgrim et al [1978], Mosely [1979, 1982], Anderson and Kneale [1982], Swistock et al [1989], McDonnell [1990], McDonnell et al [1991], Mulholland et al [1990], Hinton et al [1994], and Wilcox et al [1997]. Data for both the upper weir and CB2 weir fall near the upper end of the range of values reported for SSSF at sites of comparable size.…”

Section: Hydrograph Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Runoff generation in a steep, soil‐mantled landscape

Montgomery

Dietrich

2002

Water Resources Research

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Scale and slope dependence of hydrologic response are investigated for two channel network source areas (unchanneled valleys) in the Oregon Coast Range. Observations of response to both natural and applied precipitation reveal that runoff occurred as subsurface flow in which water passed through partially saturated soil, into the shallow fractured bedrock, to emerge as subsurface partial source areas near the channel head. The two dominant approaches to modeling subsurface flow in steep topography, routing of Darcy or fracture flow and the hydrologic similarity approximation of TOPMODEL, respectively predict either a strong slope dependence or no slope dependence to timescales of subsurface runoff generation. Compilation of data from our Coos Bay study sites with observations reported previously elsewhere indicates weak area dependence but no slope dependence in the lag-to-peak and discharge recession constants. This finding supports the interpretation that patterns of antecedent soil moisture and vadose zone characteristics control response times of runoff generation by subsurface storm flow. As slope should influence lateral flow routing once subsurface saturation develops, we conclude that the hydrologic response of steep catchments appears to be insensitive to slope because the controlling timescale is that of the vertical unsaturated flow.

show abstract

Section: Hydrograph Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Runoff generation in a steep, soil‐mantled landscape

Montgomery

Dietrich

2002

Water Resources Research

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Continental‐scale analyses require numerous assumptions that greatly simplify the natural complexity of runoff dynamics. For instance, our analysis does not account for lateral subsurface flow and preferential flow paths that can be a major component of streamflow in many regions (e.g., Pilgrim, Huff, & Steele, ; Sinha, Rode, & Borchardt, ). Furthermore, we acknowledge that IE and SE runoff generating mechanisms are not mutually exclusive within a given watershed or even an individual field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Buchanan

Auerbach

Knighton

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effective natural resource planning depends on understanding the prevalence of runoff generating processes. Within a specific area of interest, this demands reproducible, straightforward information that can complement available local data and can orient and guide stakeholders with diverse training and backgrounds. To address this demand within the contiguous United States (CONUS), we characterized and mapped the predominance of two primary runoff generating processes: infiltration‐excess and saturation‐excess runoff (IE vs. SE, respectively). Specifically, we constructed a gap‐filled grid of surficial saturated hydraulic conductivity using the Soil Survey Geographic and State Soil Geographic soils databases. We then compared surficial saturated hydraulic conductivity values with 1‐hr rainfall‐frequency estimates across a range of return intervals derived from CONUS‐scale random forest models. This assessment of the prevalence of IE versus SE runoff also incorporated a simple uncertainty analysis, as well as a case study of how the approach could be used to evaluate future alterations in runoff processes resulting from climate change. We found a low likelihood of IE runoff on undisturbed soils over much of CONUS for 1‐hr storms with return intervals <5 years. Conversely, IE runoff is most likely in the Central United States (i.e., Texas, Louisiana, Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, and Western South Dakota), and the relative predominance of runoff types is highly sensitive to the accuracy of the estimated soil properties. Leveraging publicly available data sets and reproducible workflows, our approach offers greater understanding of predominant runoff generating processes over a continental extent and expands the technical resources available to environmental planners, regulators, and modellers.

show abstract

“…How these processes occur on a hillslope is one aspect which is of particular interest. Methods of investigation have included experimental (Hewlett and Hibbert, 1963;Pilgrim et al, 1978;Anderson and Kneale, 1982;Rulon et af., 1985), analytical (Ahuja and Ross, 1982;Yates et al, 1985;Stagnitti et al, 1986), and numerical techniques (Freeze, 1971;Johansson, 1985;Rulon et al, 1985;and Jayawardena and Kaluarachchi, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral moisture flow beneath a sandy hillslope without an apparent impeding layer

McCord

Stephens

1987

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Part of a small drainage basin on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (about 25 km north of Socorro, NM) was intensively instrumented with soil monitoring equipment to estimate natural ground-water recharge. Soil-moisture data were analysed with special attention to characterizing the influence of topography on the direction of vadose water flow paths in fine to medium aeolian sand. Moisture content data were obtained by the neutron scattering technique, and hydraulic head data were obtained using tensiometers. In addition, tracer experiments were conducted on a sandy hillslope to delineate the flow paths of vadose water. The results indicate that there is a strong lateral component to unsaturated flow on a hillslope, even in the absence of apparent sublayers of much lower permeability. Darcian calculations estimate the long-term, steady, deep flux beneath a concave location to be about 4 per cent of an assumed mean annual precipitation of 20cm. The deep soil water flux downward varied by several orders of magnitude during the 17 month period of record.

show abstract

A field evaluation of subsurface and surface runoff

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Runoff generation in a steep, soil‐mantled landscape

Runoff generation in a steep, soil‐mantled landscape

Estimating dominant runoff modes across the conterminous United States

Lateral moisture flow beneath a sandy hillslope without an apparent impeding layer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About