A fast VQ codebook search with initialization and search order

Study and Implementation of Various Image De-Noising Methods for Traffic Sign Board Recognition

“…When we compare the research work which is done on automatically detecting and recognizing symbol-based traffic sign board images and recognizing the textual information which is present inside the sign board images, we will find that a small amount of research work is done on recognizing the textual information which is present within a sign board image in comparison with the former [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. One of the main difficulties that are associated with this procedure such as presence of variation in lighting conditions as well as shadowing effect that is caused due to improper lighting conditions, the effect of causing a blur, causing an occluding effect due to improper and less amount of light as well as deteriorating of sign board images can be considered responsible for causing this scenario to a smaller extent [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. During the course of driving, we cannot distinguish in between sign board images as well as images that belong to some another class other than sign boards merely on grounds that provides the information which is provided by their primary visual features like the color and the shape but some extra temporal or contextual information should also be provided supplementing this information, since the information that is given by color and the shape of traffic signs as well as non-traffic signs proves to be inadequate [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…During the course of driving a vehicle [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], the driver tends to ignore the speed limit sign boards that convey a message to restrict the velocity of a moving vehicle thereby suffering from a ASTESJ ISSN: 2415-6698 collision which may ultimately lead to the death of the driver consequently becoming a reason for increasing number of roadway accidents [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The development of a system that is capable of recognizing the Speed Limit Signs (SLS) in an automatic fashion as well as alerting the driver at the same time is the need of the hour [46][47][48][49][50].…”

“…The main objective of detecting a sign board image can be accomplished with the help of extracting the primary visual features like the color and the shape which are present inside a given input image [21][22][23][24][25] such as the color feature is employed for detecting the red SLS while the shape feature is employed for detecting circular or rectangular sign board images [26][27][28][29][30]. If we study the research work which is done in the past, we will come to know that the rectangular speed limit signs [31][32][33][34][35] are usually detected with the help of shape-based methods [36][37][38][39][40], for example, if we study the research work which is carried out by [41][42][43][44][45] we will find that the rate of detecting the sign board images was increased in the rough conditions, especially, during the night time [46][47][48][49][50].…”

“…There is an urgent need for incorporating an automatic system for the purpose of recognizing the sign boards and is considered to be a main factor for building an autonomous navigation system [26][27][28][29][30]. In order to detect and recognize the sign boards [31][32][33][34][35] with a faster speed and higher efficiency, particularly, in a real time scenario, the proposed system [36][37][38][39][40] should have a higher precision so that the process identification of sign board images can be performed in a correct manner [41][42][43][44][45]. The detection and the recognition efficiencies can be affected if the system is busy in managing certain complicated issues [46][47][48][49][50].…”

DENDIS: A new density-based sampling for clustering algorithm

“…These method 141 need an accurate setting to become really relevant. 142 Even if the context is rather different, Vector Quantization tech-143 niques ( Chang & Hsieh, 2012 ), coming from the signal area es-144 pecially for data compression, involve similar mechanisms. The 145 objective is to provide a codebook representative of the origi-146 nal cover without distortion.…”