A family study of psychiatric comorbidity in girls and boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Faraone, Stephen V.; Biederman, Joseph; Mick, Eric; Doyle, Alysa E.; Wilens, Timothy E.; Spencer, Thomas; Frazier, Elizabeth; Mullen, Kimberley

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01146-5

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…8 The hippocampus likely subserves these functions in attention and cognition, disturbances of which are among the defining hallmarks of ADHD. 1,5,[9][10][11][12][13] Involvement of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of ADHD 14,15 likely contributes to the increased risk for affective disorders in children with ADHD and their family members, 11,[16][17][18] even in family members who themselves do not have ADHD. [19][20][21] Indeed, the association of affective and ADHD symptoms is sufficiently tight that affective symptoms previously were listed as associated features of ADHD in DSM-III-R. 22 Replicated findings in anatomical magnetic resonance imaging studies of children with ADHD include reduced cerebral volumes [23][24][25] and more localized reductions in volume of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), [25][26][27] particularly its inferior aspect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampus and Amygdala Morphology in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Plessen¹,

Bansal²,

Zhu³

et al. 2006

Arch Gen Psychiatry

301

216

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The enlarged hippocampus in children and adolescents with ADHD may represent a compensatory response to the presence of disturbances in the perception of time, temporal processing (eg, delay aversion), and stimulus seeking associated with ADHD. Disrupted connections between the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex may contribute to behavioral disinhibition. Our findings suggest involvement of the limbic system in the pathophysiology of ADHD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampus and Amygdala Morphology in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Plessen¹,

Bansal²,

Zhu³

et al. 2006

Arch Gen Psychiatry

301

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We used data from families recruited into six contemporaneous studies of four psychiatric conditions in children and adults: ADHD (Faraone, et al, 2000a(Faraone, et al, , 2000b(Faraone, et al, , 2001, panic disorder (PD) and depression (MD) (Biederman, et al, 2001a, Rosenbaum, et al, 1991, and bipolar disorder (BPD) (Wozniak, et al, 2002). These six studies had identical or near-identical designs with uniform assessment and measurement procedures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial transmission of derived phenotypes for molecular genetic studies of substance use disorders

Faraone

Adamson

Wilens

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Although family, twin, and adoption studies indicate that genes play a significant etiologic role in the development of substance use disorders (SUDs), detecting specific genes has been difficult due to uncertainties about how to define SUDs, genetic heterogeneity and variable phenotypic expression of SUD genotypes. We used data from families recruited into six contemporaneous studies of children and adults to derive candidate SUD phenotypes using principle factors factor analysis with varimax rotation. We previously found evidence of two SUD phenotypes in offspring: a psychopathology dimension and a cognitive impairment dimension. We found evidence for one SUD-related phenotype in adults that we term Psychopathology and Cognitive Impairment. Parental factor scores significantly predicted both offspring phenotypes, as well as parental SUD (OR=1.41,p<0.001) and offspring SUD (mother's phenotype: OR=1.34,p=0.04; father's phenotype: OR=1.33,p=0.01). Offspring phenotype predicted offspring SUD (psychopathology phenotype: OR=2.96,p<0.001; cognitive impairment: OR=1.33,p=0.04); in offspring, baseline psychopathology predicted SUD at follow-up assessments (OR=1.55,p=0.01). Results suggest that these candidate SUD phenotypes may be useful for genetic studies of SUD.Correspondence: Dr. Stephen V. Faraone, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams St., Syracuse, NY 13210; faraones@upstate.edu, 315-464-3113, (315) 464-3255 (fax). Contributors Stephen V. Faraone participated in study design and execution, planned the analyses, and wrote portions of the manuscript Joel J. Adamson performed data analyses and wrote portions of the manuscript Timothy E. Wilens participated in study design and execution and provided clinical comments on the manuscript Michael C. Monuteaux assisted with the statistical analysis. Participated in study design and execution and provided clinical comments on the manuscript Joseph Biederman participated in study design and execution and provided clinical comments on the manuscript Conflict of Interest Dr. Stephen Faraone receives/d research support from, is/has been a speaker for, or is/has been on the advisory board for the following companies: Eli Lilly & Company, McNeil Consumer & Specialty Pharmaceuticals, Shire US Inc., Noven Pharmaceuticals, Cephalon, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD), and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Dr. Timothy Wilens receives/d research support from, is/has been a speaker for, or is/has been on the advisory board for the following Pharmaceutical Companies: Abbott Laboratories, OrthoMcNeil, Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Shire Laboratories Inc. and National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Dr. Joseph Biederman receives/d research support from, is/has been a speaker for, or is/has been on the advisory board for the following Pharmaceutical Companies: Shire, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, McNeil, Ab...

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“…Such children are said to suffer from comorbidity, or the co-occurrence of multiple disorders. Many studies have shown that most children with ADHD also meet diagnostic criteria for other disorders (Faraone et al, 2001). Children who suffer from the constellation of ADHD, ODD, and MDD are often diagnosed as having a broad phenotype of juvenile bipolar disorder (JBD), meaning that criteria are not met for the narrow DSM-IV defi nition of bipolar affective disorder (Althoff et al, 2006;Faraone et al, 2005).…”

Section: Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

A dimensional approach to developmental psychopathology

Hudziak¹,

Achenbach²,

Althoff³

et al. 2007

Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res.

232

196

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The expression psychopathology in general and child psychopathology in particular, is affected by multiple sources of variance. Some of these sources include gender differences, informant differences, and age-related differences. In this paper, we discuss how these sources of variance complicate both research and clinical management. We argue that the current diagnostic system would be aided by the inclusion of a quantitative axis that can take these sources of variance into account. We reason that the fields of genomics and neuroscience are prepared to move the field of developmental psychopathology forward, but need a diagnostic system that allows for these sources of variance to be controlled. We demonstrate how in Conduct Disorder, inclusion of dimensional information would allow the clinician or researcher to demonstrate not only the presence or absence of pathology, but also the degree to which the disorder is manifested in a particular individual. Because dimensional approaches are already used widely as an alternative measure of psychopathology, we argue that there is reason to consider dimensionalizing some aspects of the DSM.

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A family study of psychiatric comorbidity in girls and boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 52 publications

References 24 publications

Hippocampus and Amygdala Morphology in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Hippocampus and Amygdala Morphology in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Familial transmission of derived phenotypes for molecular genetic studies of substance use disorders

A dimensional approach to developmental psychopathology

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