A Facile and Eco-Friendly Approach to Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4 with High Electrochemical Performance

Optimal design of LiMn2O4 for high-rate applications by means of citric acid aided route and microwave heating

“…This plot shows that the capacity retention significantly grows with increasing the MW post-heating time. For spinels post-heated for 0, 2 and 4 min, half of the initial capacity is delivered upon current load of 9, 19.5 and 26.5 C. This is significantly higher than for the best samples obtained by means of MW solid-state [47,48] and MW co-precipitation [39] routes, as well as for the spinels synthesized by conventional solid-state [49] and co-precipitation [50] techniques in recent five years. At the same time, it should be noted that the nominal specific capacity obtained at low discharge rates is higher when using both MW and traditional solid-state and co-precipitation synthesis techniques.…”

Research Development on Spinel Lithium Manganese Oxides Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…However, the selection and quantity of precipitant must be precisely controlled to ensure uniform dispersion and optimal product properties. 50 Zhang et al 51 prepared LMO using a mixed solution of CH 3 COOLi•2H 2 O and Mn(CH 3 COO) 2 •4H 2 O with Na 2 CO 3 as the co-precipitant. The results showed that LMO prepared by sodium carbonate co-precipitation exhibited excellent cyclic stability and electrochemical properties.…”